中华流行病学杂志  2016, Vol. 37 Issue (7): 1003-1005   PDF    
http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.07.019
中华医学会主办。
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文章信息

王小红, 钱艺美, 缪铃, 乐瑶, 杜娟.
Wang Xiaohong, Qian Yimei, Miao Ling, Le Yao, Du Juan.
高危型HPV E6/E7 mRNA与宫颈癌相关性分析
Correlation between high risk type human papillomavirus E6/E7 mRNA and cervical cancer
中华流行病学杂志, 2016, 37(7): 1003-1005
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, 2016, 37(7): 1003-1005
http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.07.019

文章历史

投稿日期: 2016-01-25
高危型HPV E6/E7 mRNA与宫颈癌相关性分析
王小红 , 钱艺美, 缪铃, 乐瑶, 杜娟    
214044 无锡, 解放军第一〇一医院妇产科
摘要: 目的 探讨高危型HPV E6/E7 mRNA检出率与宫颈癌的相关性,为临床防治宫颈癌提供依据。方法 选择2015年收治的100例宫颈癌患者为A组,同期100例健康体检者为B组,采用荧光定量PCR检测入组患者高危型HPV E6/E7 mRNA和病理学检查,比较两组患者HPV E6/E7感染率和荧光定量PCR检查效率,分析HPV E6/E7感染与宫颈鳞状上皮病变的相关性。结果 A组阳性76例,阳性率为76.0%;B组阳性13例,阳性率为13.0%;A组阳性率高于B组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.522,P<0.001)。两组阳性预测值和阴性预测值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。宫颈癌患者HPV E6/E7 mRNA阳性率(76.0%)高于高度宫颈鳞状上皮病变者(26.1%)、低度宫颈鳞状上皮病变者(17.6%)和非典型鳞状上皮细胞者(6.7%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.615,P=0.001; χ2=9.114,P=0.001; χ2=18.241,P<0.001)。结论 宫颈癌患者HPV E6/E7mRNA检出率高,且随宫颈鳞状上皮病变加重,其HPV E6/E7 mRNA阳性率越高。
关键词: 人乳头瘤病毒    宫颈癌    相关性    
Correlation between high risk type human papillomavirus E6/E7 mRNA and cervical cancer
Wang Xiaohong , Qian Yimei, Miao Ling, Le Yao, Du Juan    
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 101 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuxi 214044, China
Abstract: Objective To investigate the correlation between the positive rate of high risk human papillomavirus (HPV) mRNA E6/E7 and cervical cancer, and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. Methods A total of 100 cervical cancer cases and 100 healthy controls were selected in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2015. The fluorescence quantitative PCR and pathological examination on HPV E6/E7 mRNA were carried out. The correlation between HPV E6/E7 mRNA and cervical squamous epithelial lesions were analyzed. Results In case group, the positive rate of HPV E6/E7 mRNA was 76.0% (76/100). In control group, the positive rate was 13.0% (13/100). The positive rate in case group was significantly higher than that in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=24.522, P<0.001). The positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the two groups were compared, and the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The positive rate of HPV E6/E7 mRNA was significantly higher than high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) rate (26.1%), low-grade SIL rate (17.6%) and atypical squamous cell hyperplasia rate (6.7%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=7.615, P=0.001; χ2=9.114, P=0.001; χ2=18.241, P<0.001). Conclusions The detection rate of HPV E6/E7 mRNA in cervical cancer patients was high. And with the increased severity of cervical squamous epithelial lesions, the positive rate of HPV E6/E7 mRNA increased.
Key words: Human papillomavirus    Cervical cancer    Correlation    

宫颈癌是妇科临床最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病随地域和经济状况不同而异,约80%的病例发生在发展中国家[1, 2]。我国每年约有15万宫颈癌新发病例,其中约8万例死于宫颈癌,其死亡率居妇科肿瘤第二位[3, 4]。近年来,宫颈癌新发病例数逐渐上升,并呈年轻化的趋势。临床研究证实,宫颈癌的发生、发展与高危型HPV感染有关。其中高危型HPV E6/E7基因编码的蛋白质是导致宫颈上皮组织癌变的重要致病因子[5, 6]。高危型HPV E6/E7基因表达,首先要转录为E6/E7 mRNA,再翻译成相应的致癌蛋白质。因此,监测HPV E6/E7 mRNA,对于预防宫颈癌具有重要意义。为了解HPV E6/E7 mRNA检出率及其与宫颈鳞状上皮病变的相关性,本研究分析如下。

对象与方法

1. 研究对象: 选择解放军第一〇一医院2015年收治的100例宫颈癌患者作为A组,年龄21~69岁,平均(46.3±9.7)岁。另选取同期100例健康体检非宫颈癌患者为B组,年龄19~75岁,平均(46.7±10.2)岁,其中病理诊断非典型鳞状上皮细胞(ASCUS)60例,低度宫颈鳞状上皮病变(LSIL)17例,高度宫颈鳞状上皮病变(HSIL)23例。入选标准:①入组前均获得患者知情同意;②入组患者均行宫颈液基细胞学检查及其HPV E6/E7 mRNA检查和阴道镜下活检组织病理学检查,HPV E6/E7感染与宫颈癌患者均经组织病理学检查诊断。

2. 标本采集及检测方法:先用无菌棉拭子除去宫颈过多的分泌物,然后用锥形刷置入宫颈口部位轻轻旋转2~3周,获取足量的宫颈脱落细胞,将锥形刷置于盛有4 ml的细胞保存液样品管中,涡旋5 min,使锥形刷上黏附的宫颈细胞聚集于细胞保存液中,得到标本液,送检。HPV E6/E7 mRNA检测采用配套的荧光PCR试剂盒及其试剂。

3. 观察指标:统计病理学检查和荧光PCR检测结果,分析HPV E6/E7 mRNA阳性率,荧光PCR检测敏感度(PCR结果真阳性/病理学检测阳性×100%)、特异度(PCR结果真阴性/病理学检测阴性×100%)、阳性预测值(PCR结果真阳性/PCR结果阳性×100%)和阴性预测值(PCR结果真阴性/PCR结果阴性×100%)。

4. 统计学分析:数据分析采用SPSS 13.3软件,HPV E6/E7 mRNA阳性比较采用 χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。相关性分析采用Spearman分析,P<0.05为有相关性。

结 果

1. 临床病理学检验:A组宫颈标本临床病理学检验阳性76例,阴性24例,阳性率为76.0%;B组阳性13例,阴性87例,阳性率为13.0%;A组HPV E6/E7 mRNA阳性率(76.0%)高于B组(13.0%),差异有统计学意义( χ2=24.522,P<0.001),见表1

表1 两组病例宫颈标本PCR检测与病理学诊断结果

2. HPV E6/E7 mRNA检测方法的诊断效率:两组阳性预测值和阴性预测值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),见表2

表2 两组病例宫颈标本HPV E6/E7 mRNA检测的各项观察指标比较

3. HPV E6/E7感染与宫颈鳞状上皮病变的相关性:随入组病例宫颈鳞状上皮病变有无、加重或癌变,其HPV E6/E7感染率逐渐升高,且宫颈癌病例HPV E6/E7感染率(76.0%)高于病理诊断为ASCUS(6.7%)、LSIL(17.6%)和HSIL(26.1%),差异有统计学意义( χ2=18.241,P<0.001; χ2=9.114,P=0.001; χ2=7.615,P=0.001),见表3

表3 不同宫颈鳞状上皮病变者与HPV E6/E7感染的相关性分析
讨 论

目前认为高危型HPV感染是发生宫颈癌的前期病变,其中HPV E6/E7 mRNA转录蛋白是导致宫颈正常组织细胞恶性病变的主要因子。因此,加强HPV E6/E7监测,可早期掌握宫颈疾病状况,并尽早采取防治措施,有利于降低妇女宫颈癌发病率。当前对于HPV E6/E7的检测,多采用检测HPV E6/E7 DNA,但由于HPV E6/E7感染人数发展成为宫颈癌者较少,HPV E6/E7 DNA检测难以反映宫颈鳞状上皮病变状况,还可能会增加受检者的负担[7, 8]。因此,本研究选择以医院收治的100例宫颈癌和100例健康体检者为研究对象,检测宫颈标本HPV E6/E7 mRNA,由于mRNA是HPV E6/E7基因转录的产物,可直接反映宿主细胞恶性转化的指标,也是当前国内外最近推荐的检验指标[9, 10]

研究结果表明,A组(病例组)HPV E6/E7 mRNA阳性率(76.0%)高于对照(B)组13.0%,差异有统计学意义( χ2=24.522,P<0.001),提示宫颈癌病例HPV E6/E7基因转录显著高于非宫颈癌者,从而增加致癌蛋白质表达,提高宫颈宿主细胞恶变分型。研究结果还显示,A组HPV E6/E7 mRNA检测的敏感度为96.1%、特异度为79.2%、阳性预测值为93.5%和阴性预测值为90.5%,B组分别为84.6%、94.3%、68.8%和97.6%,两组HPV E6/E7 mRNA检测的阳性预测值和阴性预测值的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同病理诊断者HPV E6/E7 mRNA阳性分析表明,随入组病例有无宫颈鳞状上皮病变及加重或癌变,其HPV E6/E7感染率逐渐升高,其中宫颈癌HPV E6/E7感染率(76.0%)明显高于ASCUS(6.7%)、LSIL(17.6%)和HSIL(26.1%)。

综上所述,HPV E6/E7 mRNA是高危HPV E6/E7转化为致癌蛋白质的前体,宫颈癌样本中的HPV E6/E7 mRNA阳性预测值和阴性预测值均较高,且采用HPV E6/E7 mRNA检测方法的效率高,有利于早期诊断及防治宫颈癌。

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