| 张荣珍,王克安,王宏,张兰香,柴锋,张见麟,刘霞,刘牧,渡边治雄,近田俊文,高桥元秀,弘贞省二.百日咳、白喉、破伤风的血清流行病学监测及方法学研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,1995,16(4):223-227 |
| 百日咳、白喉、破伤风的血清流行病学监测及方法学研究 |
| Seroepidemiological Surveillance and Methodological Study of Pertussis, Diphtheria and Tetanus |
| 收稿日期:1995-01-27 出版日期:2021-05-22 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 百白破 抗体 监测 |
| 英文关键词: DPT Antibody Surveillance |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 1993~1994年应用日本国立卫生研究所研制的明胶颗粒凝集试验(PA)对我国DPT的诊断方法进行了研究,同时对人群DPT的抗体水平进行了监测。此次调查1993年采血900人份,1994年采血300人份,结果表明PA法使用方便,结果稳定,易于观察,可弥补我国被动血凝试验(PHA)存在的缺陷,检测白喉和破伤风与国内PHA法有较好的相关性,但PHA法似更敏感,检测百日咳PA法与国内微量凝集试验(MA)相关性较差,MA法较PA法敏感得多。人群DPT抗体水平检测结果表明,人群抗体水平不是很高,分别为百日咳阳性率为95.0%,≥ 1:320的为4.7%,GMT为1:121;白喉阳性率为62.9%,GMT为0.0280IU/ml;1993年破伤风阳性率为70.5%,GMT为0.1410IU/ml;1994年破伤风阳性率为75.7%,GMT为0.3281IU/ml,提示应重视加强基础免疫和强化免疫。调查结果还显示,抗体水平城市高于农村,并随年龄增高而下降,大年龄组抗体水平较低,造成目前大年龄组发病较高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this paper, we studied the diagnostic method of DPT using PA method developed by Japanese National Institute of Health (NIH) in 1993-1994, meanwhile we surveyed the antibody level of DPT. We collected 900 sera samples and 300 sera samples from Hebei province in 1993 and 1994. The result showed that PA method was simple, reliable and easy to observe, which can make up the shortages existed in PHA method. The antitoxin titers obtained by the PA method correlated well with the PHA method, while the latter was more sensitive. The antibody level of pertussis obtained through PA method did not correlate well with MA method. The result also showed that the antibody level of DPT was not high, with a 95.0% positive rate of pertussis. The rate of titers higher than 1:320 was 4.7% with GMT 1:121; the positive rate of diphtheria was 62.9% with GMT 0.0280 IU/ml, in 1993 the positive rate of tetanus was 70.5% with GMT 0.1410 IU/ml, in 1994 the positive rate was 75.7% with GMT 0.3281IU/ml. The titers in urban areas were higher than in rural areas and a decrease was observed with the increase of age. The titers in males was similar to in females. According to this result, a routine immunization followed by booster program should be emphasized. |
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