温州地区7～16岁中小学生抽动障碍的现况调查

郑荣远; 金嵘; 徐惠琴; 黄文武; 陈宏; 邵蓓; 邹有林; 黄海波; 邹长林; 周祖木

文章摘要

郑荣远,金嵘,徐惠琴,黄文武,陈宏,邵蓓,邹有林,黄海波,邹长林,周祖木.温州地区7～16岁中小学生抽动障碍的现况调查[J].中华流行病学杂志,2004,25(9):745-747

温州地区7～16岁中小学生抽动障碍的现况调查

Study on the prevalence of tic disorders in schoolchildren aged 7-16 years old in Wenzhou

收稿日期: 出版日期:2014-09-15

DOI：

中文关键词: 抽动障碍|患病率|横断面调查|学龄儿童

英文关键词: Tic dixmders|Prevalence rate|Cross-sectional study|Schoolchild

基金项目:

作者	单位
郑荣远	325000 温州医学院附属第一医院神经内科
金嵘	325000 温州医学院附属第一医院流行病学教研室
徐惠琴	325000 温州医学院附属第一医院神经内科
黄文武	温州市精神病院
陈宏	325000 温州医学院附属第一医院精神科
邵蓓	325000 温州医学院附属第一医院神经内科
邹有林
黄海波	325000 温州医学院附属第一医院神经内科
邹长林	325000 温州医学院附属第一医院流行病学教研室
周祖木	温州市疾病预防控制中心

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中文摘要:

目的了解温州地区中小学生抽动障碍(TD)的流行病学特征. 方法采用分层整群抽样方法, 对温州地区9742名7～16岁的中小学生进行TD横断面调查.结果 TD总患病率为104/万; 短暂性抽动障碍、慢性运动或发声抽动障碍、发声与多种运动联合抽动障碍的患病率分别为34/万、27/万、43/万; 男性TD患病率为166/万, 女性为29/万, 男性高于女性(χ²=43.96, P＜0.001, 患病率比为5.7, 95%CI:3.20～10.30), TD 三种临床亚类型的患病率均表现为男性高于女性; 平均发病年龄为(8.5±2.8)岁, 发病高峰在6～10岁, 各年龄组患病率以9～10岁组为最高(χ²=15.51, P＜0.01), 小学生TD患病率显著高于初中生(χ²=11.33, P＜0.01, 患病率比为2.2, 95%CI:1.37～3.43); 延迟诊断率69.3%, 延迟诊断时间(中位数)为1.0年. 结论 TD在温州地区儿童少年中较多见, 疾病早期漏诊现象严重, 应提高临床医生及社会公民对该病的认识, 做到早发现早治疗.

英文摘要:

Objective To study the epidemiological features of tic disorders(TD)among schoolchildren in Wenzhou area. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was carried out to investigate TD in 9742 schoolchildren aged 7 to 16 years old in Wenzhou. Results The average prevalence rate of TD among schoolage children was 104/10 000( 166J 10 000 for males, 29/10 000 for females). There was a significantly higher prevalence rate for males than that for females(X²=43.96, P<0.001，prevalence ratio = 5.7, prevalence ratio 95%CI:3.20-10. 30 ). The prevalence rates of clinical subtypes in males was significantly higher than that of females while pupils was significantly higher than that in high school students (X²=11.33, P<0.01, prevalence ratio=2.2，prevalence ratio 95%CI:1.37-3.43). Prevalence rate of transient tic disorders(TTD), chronic motor vocal tic disorder (CMVTD), tourette syndrome(TS) were 34/10 000, 27/10 000 and 43/10 000 respectively with the highest among 9-10 years old group, The mean onset age of TD was 8.5±2.8 years. The peak of onset was among 6-10 year olds. The rate of delayed diagnosis of the disorders was 69.3%and the median in delayed diagnosis was 1.0 year Conclusion TD is a common disease with high rate of misdiagnoses among schoolchildren in Wenzhou area. Physicians and population should be trained to identify the syndromes and to practice correct diagnosis and effective treatment as early as possible.

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