| 刘波,李群,张董,许真.中国狂犬病高发地区小学生狂犬病暴露调查[J].中华流行病学杂志,2010,31(8):870-872 |
| 中国狂犬病高发地区小学生狂犬病暴露调查 |
| A survey on exposure to rabies among the primary school student in the area with a high incidence of rabies in China |
| 收稿日期:2010-02-21 出版日期:2014-09-18 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 狂犬病 暴露 小学生 |
| 英文关键词: Rabies Exposure Primary school student |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解中国狂犬病高发地区小学生狂犬病暴露现状及特征.方法 采取多阶段抽样的方法,在贵州和广东两省各选取1所地市级小学、1所县级小学、2所乡镇级小学和2所村级小学,每个年级系统抽样选取部分小学生参与狂犬病暴露问卷调查.结果 在12所小学调查的2408名小学生中,自2007年1月至2008年5月共发现暴露290人次,2007年总体暴露率为9.22%,其中贵州省高达16.92%.男生的狂犬病暴露率高于女生,农村地区学生暴露率高于城镇学生.6-8月为暴露高峰.致伤动物中犬占74.14%,猫占25.86%.其中32.07%的暴露是嘻逗犬猫所致,暴露部位以四肢远端为主,下肢膝及以下最多,占37.59%.结论 小学生狂犬病暴露率较高,尤其是农村地区,喜欢和犬猫玩耍是小学生发生狂犬病暴露的重要原因. |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the current situation and characteristics of potential rabies exposure to primary school students in the area with a high incidence of rabies of China, and to provide evidence for developing the intervention measures. Methods A population-based investigation was conducted in Guizhou and Guangdong provinces which had been the severe rabies epidemic areas in southern China. Two urban primary schools, two county schools, four township schools and four village schools were selected in the 2 provinces. Samples of the students were from each grade of the 12 schools for their potential rabies exposure information.Results Among 2408primary school students being interviewed, 290 person-times exposure were found during January of 2007 to May of 2008. The total exposure rate in the observed students in 2007 was 9.22%, but higher in Guizhou province (16.92%) The rate of exposure was higher in male students than in female, and was also higher in the students from rural than from the urban areas. More exposures were seen in summer season, from June to August. The kinds of animals that causing the exposures would include dogs (74.14%) and cats (25.86%). 32.07% of the total exposures were related to playing with animals. Arms and legs were the most affected areas of the body including, 37.59% of the wounds appeared below the knees. Conclusion The rate of potential rabies exposure was high in primary school students, especially in the rural areas. Playing with dogs and cats appeared to be the major behavior causing the exposures among the students. |
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