| 胡国清,朱松林,王琦琦,陈田木,谭爱春,何琼,刘鑫,徐玲.中国五岁以下儿童非致死性伤害发生率及影响因素研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2011,32(8):773-776 |
| 中国五岁以下儿童非致死性伤害发生率及影响因素研究 |
| An epidemiological survey on the incidence of non-fatal injury and influencing factors among children under 5 years old in China |
| 收稿日期:2011-03-16 出版日期:2014-09-17 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 伤害，非致死性 儿童 发生率 影响因素 |
| 英文关键词: Injury,non-fatal Child Incidence Influencing factors |
| 基金项目:全国教育科学“十一五”规划青年课题（ELA080320）；CMB/卫生部服务调查课题 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的<\b>了解中国5 岁以下儿童非致死性伤害的发生率及相关影响因素。方法<\b>数据来自于第四次国家卫生服务调查，其中5 岁以下儿童10 819 名，为本次研究对象。伤害相关内容：是否发生伤害以及发生次数、原因、地点、严重程度。采用两水平Poisson 回归分析社会经济学变量与非致死性伤害发生次数的关联性。结果最近12 个月内5 岁以下儿童非致死性伤害发生率为16.0‰。＜1 岁组儿童非致死性伤害前3 位原因是：跌倒、动物咬伤、烧伤/烫伤，发生率分别为3.9‰、1.8‰和1.8‰；1～4 岁组儿童是：动物咬伤、跌倒、烧伤/烫伤，发生率分别为6.5‰、6.0‰和2.9‰。两年龄组儿童分别有83.0%和69.0%的最近一次伤害发生在家里。＜1 岁组无残疾发生，1～4 岁组伤害致残疾率为1.0%。控制其他变量后，1～4 岁组中男童非致死性伤害风险是女童的1.57 倍（P＜0.05）；民族、家庭人均收入和地区等变量差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；＜1 岁组在全部社会经济学变量上的统计检验结果均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论中国5 岁以下儿童最近12 个月非致死性伤害发生率为16.0‰；动物咬伤、跌倒、烧伤/烫伤是非致死性伤害的前三位原因；家庭内是非致死性伤害最常见地点；1～4 岁男童非致死性伤害发生率明显高于女童。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To determine the incidence of non-fatal injuries and related influencing factors among children under 5 years old in China.Methods Data involving 10 819 children under 5 years old was from the Fourth National Health Service Survey of China. Injury-related indicators include：history of ever having had an injury，its frequency，cause，location and severity of the injury. A two-level Poisson regression was used to examine the significance of related socio-economic variables.Results The overall incidence rate of nonfatal injuries among children under 5 years old was 16.0 per 1000 population in the prior 12 months. The first three leading causes of non-fatal injuries were falls，animal bite，fire/burn among children under 1 year old，with the rates as 3.9，1.8 and 1.8 per 1000 population，respectively. For children aged 1 to 4 years old，the first three leading causes were animal bite，fall，fire/burn with rates as 6.5，6.0 and 2.9 per 1000 population，respectively. 83.0% and 69.0% of last injuries occurred at home for the above said two age groups. No disability was found among children younger than 1 year old who suffered from a nonfatal injury while for the 1-4 age group，the disability accounted for 1.0% of injury-induced outcomes. After adjusting other variables， boys had 1.57 times the risk of injury compared with girls in the 1-4 age group（P＜0.05）. The differences on the effects regarding ethnicity，per capita household income，and place were insignificant （P＞0.05）. None of the socio-economic variables was found that significantly related to the non-fatal injury risk among children under 1 year old（P＞0.05）.Conclusion The incidence of nonfatal injuries among children under 5 years old was 16.0 per 1000 population in the prior 12 months. The three leading causes of injuries were animal bite，falls，fire/burn respectively. Home was the most common place that non-fatal injuries occurred. Boys had a higher risk of injury compared with girls among children aged 1 to 4 years old and the difference was significant. |
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