| 邓晶,徐卫民,朱晓霞,金铨,黄阳梅,刘辉,金行一.杭州市2010年碘营养状况调查[J].中华流行病学杂志,2011,32(10):1009-1013 |
| 杭州市2010年碘营养状况调查 |
| The iodine status in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province 2010 |
| 收稿日期:2011-03-02 出版日期:2014-09-11 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j .issn.0254-6450.2011. 10.013 |
| 中文关键词: 碘盐 水碘 尿碘 膳食碘摄入量 甲状腺结节 |
| 英文关键词: Salt iodization Water iodine Urinary iodine Dietary iodine intake Thyroid nodules |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2519 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解杭州市生活环境碘水平、人群碘营养状况和甲状腺结节患病情况以及分析食盐加碘与其患病率的关系。方法 通过问卷调查、3日称量记账法和3天24小时膳食回顾法对杭州市人群进行碘营养和膳食碘摄入量水平调查，采集饮用水、食用盐、晨尿检测碘含量及所有调查对象进行甲状腺B超检查，采用SPSS 13.0、SAS 9.1统计分析。结果 (1)共回收有效问卷 12620份，采集水样221份、尿样12730份、盐样3593份，甲状腺B超检查12 515人，膳食调查1848 人；(2)水碘值0.20 ～ 5.99(M=2.58)μg/L; (3)成年男性膳食碘平均摄入量为289.2 μg/d，加碘食盐对人均膳食每日碘摄入量贡献率为74.4%；(4)居民尿碘M= 178.80μg/L，尿碘水平在100～、200～、＜100和≥300μg/L人群比例分别为37.14%、23.11%、21.05%和18.69%；孕妇尿碘M= 141.0 μg/L；(5)女性甲状腺结节发生率(28.6%)高于男性(20.1%)；甲状腺结节检出率随年龄增加而上升（6～、12～、18～、40～和65～岁组分别为6.4%、10.9%、12.0%、24.4%和38.8%）；城市人群甲状腺结节发生率(29.8%)高于郊区人群(23.3%)，而郊区人群高于农村人群(20.3%)；比较甲状腺结节人群(160.36 μg/L)与未检出人群(182.00 μg/L)尿碘水平，发现前者尿碘水平低于后者。 结论 杭州市属于环境碘缺乏地区，目前加碘食盐是该市居民碘摄入的主要来源，居民碘营养状况总体处于适宜和安全水平，但孕妇碘营养不足；尚无证据表明杭州市食盐加碘与甲状腺结节患病率有关联。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the iodine level in the environment and the iodine status among the general population as well as the prevalence of thyroid nodules in Hangzhou city. Relationship between the prevalence of thyroid nodules and the policy of universal salt iodization in Hangzhou was also analyzed. Methods Questionnaire, a 3- day weighed dietary record method, and 3 days' 24- hour dietary recall method were used to understand the iodine nutrition status and dietary intake of iodine among the general population in the city. Drinking water, edible salt and morning urine were collected to determine iodine content. All objects under survey underwent the thyroid B ultrasonic examination. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS 13.0 and SAS 9.1. Results (1)In total, 12 620 effective questionnaires were available , with 221 water samples, 12 730 urine samples, and 3593 salt samples collected. 12 515 objects underwent B ultrasonic examination, and 1848 received dietary investigation. (2)Water iodine level of Hangzhou was in the range of 0.20-5.99 μg/L, with the median level as 2.58 μg/L. (3) Average daily dietary intake of iodine for adult males in Hangzhou was 289.2 lμg/d. The contribution of iodine intake from iodized salt was 74.4%. (4) The median of Hangzhou residents' urinary iodine was 178.80 μg/L, with the urinary iodine levels at 100 μg/L-, 200 μg/L-, ＜100 μg/L, and ≥300 μg/L groups were 37.14%, 23.11%, 21.05% ,and 18.69% respectively. Urinary iodine of pregnant women was 141.0 tg/L. (5) Incidence of thyroid nodules in females(28.6% ) was higher than that of males(20.1% ). The detection rate increased with age (6.4% at group 6-, 10.9% at 12-, 12.0% at 18-, 24.4% at 40-, and 38.8% at 65-) ; with the highest in urban area (29.8%), followed by suburbs (23.3%) and in rural area it showed the least (20.3%). Urinary iodine level was found lower among the population who had been detected with thyroid nodules (160.36 μ g/L) than those among the undetected population (182.00 μg/L).Conclusion Hangzhou appeared to be an area where the environmental was iodine deficient. Iodized salt was the major source of iodine intake. The iodine status among the general population seemed to be safe and suitable, but the iodine level for pregnant women was not sufficient. There was still no evidence indicating that the universal salt iodization policy in Hangzhou was associated with the prevalence of thyroid nodules. |
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