| 杨丽,陈曲,付谦,岳秋玲.中国中西部欠发达地区老年人生活状况及多维度健康状况分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2013,34(8):782-787 |
| 中国中西部欠发达地区老年人生活状况及多维度健康状况分析 |
| Quality of life and major dimensions of health status among the elderly in the central and western poor areas of China |
| 收稿日期:2013-02-01 出版日期:2014-09-03 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 健康相关生命质量|健康状况|老年人|自我评价 |
| 英文关键词: Performance of health|Health status|Elderly|Self assessment |
| 基金项目:卫生部-嘉通理慈善基金会"农村社区健康促进项目"(CHI004) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析中国中西部欠发达地区老年人生活状况及多维度健康状况.方法 采用整群随机抽样方法,从甘肃、青海、山西和新疆4省区16个项目县抽取1145名≥60岁老年人,调查其经济来源分布及健康相关生命质量、自评健康和自评生活满意度.分别从年龄、性别进行多维度健康状况对比分析.结果 调查的老年人中58.6％每月经济收入不足250元,50.1％依靠子女供养,43.7％经济来源于自己劳动所得.60～、70～和80～岁年龄组行动无困难者的比例分别为68.54％、54.63％和38.46％,生活起居无困难者分别为75.73％、68.52％和53.85％,日常活动能力无困难者分别为67.98％、56.02％和35.90％,无任何躯体疼痛或不适者分别为55.51％、51.39％和38.46％,无或偶尔焦虑/沮丧分别为69.66％、59.26％和51.28％.≥80岁男性各项能力优于同龄女性.60～、70～和80～岁年龄组自评健康状况良好的比例分别为37.98％、31.02％和28.21％,各年龄组男性自评健康状况优于女性(P＜0.05)；3个年龄组对目前生活较满意的比例分别为76.74％、75.00％和79.49％,其中70～岁组男性自评满意度优于女性(P＜0.05).婚姻状况、性别、患慢性病状况、行动能力和日常活动能力对老年人的自评健康有影响,而老年人生活满意度也受行动能力及婚姻、经济收入和自评健康状况等因素影响.结论 中国中西部欠发达地区老年人缺乏经济来源且稳定性差,自评健康状况也较差,但男性比女性更倾向于积极的健康自评；老年人健康相关指标均随年龄增长而下降,且女性生命质量劣于同年龄男性；而农村老年人的生活满意度较高. |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the quality of life and the main dimensions of health status among the elderly living in the central and westem poor areas of China.Methods Cluster sampling was used and 1145 elderly aged above 60 were sampled from 4 provinces in western areas of China.Economic status,performance of health,self reported situation and satisfaction on health were investigated.We conducted comparative dimensions of health analysis across age and gender.Results Among the elderly,58.6％ of them had monthly income less than 250 Yuan RMB and 14.1％ of them with monthly income between 250-400 Yuan RMB.As for the sources of income,50.1％ of the elderly relied on their children while 43.7％ of them supported themselves.Among the elderly aged 60-,70-and 80-,68.54％,54.63％ and 38.46％ of them had no difficulty in mobility while 75.73％,68.52％ and 53.85％ had no difficulty taking care of themselves,67.98％,56.02％ and 35.90％ of them had no difficulty in managing daily activities,55.51％,51.39％ and 38.46％ of them had no pain or discomfort and 69.66％,59.26％,51.28％ of them did not show any signs on anxiety or depression.Men aged over 80 had better status than women,however,there was no significant difference for the age groups 60-or 70-on the mobility and self-care between genders.37.98％,31.02％ and 28.21％ of the elderly in the age groups 60-,70-or 80-,self-reported to have had good health,with males more than females (P＜0.05).76.74％,75.00％ and 79.49％ of the 60-,70-or 80-elderly groups self-reported having satisfactory life style.The aged 60-elderly did not show significant gender difference on self-reported satisfaction with life but the male elderly aged 70 and above reported having more satisfied life than the females (P＜0.05).Factors as marriage status,gender,chronic disease,ability of mobility and daily activities played positive promotion roles on health status of the elderly.Conclusion Sources of income was limited among the elderly.The overall self-reported health status was poor but males were more likely to show positive results on self-assessment.Proportions of health-related quality of life indicators among elderly declined with age,and the performance of life function of the elderly women were inferior to men.Elderly living in the rural areas presented a higher proportion on ‘satisfaction of life'. |
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