| 史妍,周艺彪,聂世姣,杨爱辉,肖鹏磊,宋秀霞,姜庆五.我国西南部彝族聚居区HIV、HBV感染及其影响因素分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(9):1032-1036 |
| 我国西南部彝族聚居区HIV、HBV感染及其影响因素分析 |
| A cross-sectional and factor analysis study on HIV,HBV and HIV/HBV infection in a Yi Prefecture,southwest China |
| 收稿日期:2014-03-11 出版日期:2014-09-11 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2014.09.014 |
| 中文关键词: 艾滋病 乙型肝炎 混合感染 流行病学 |
| 英文关键词: HIV/AIDS HBV Co-infection Epidemiology |
| 基金项目:中国全球基金艾滋病项目（CSO-2012-研02）； 中华红丝带基金艾滋病母婴阻断项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解我国西南部彝族聚集区人群HIV、HBV感染的流行病学特征及其影响因素。方法 采取整群抽样的方法，在西南部某彝族聚集区艾滋病高流行区抽取1个流行乡镇作为研究现 场，进行人群HIV、HBV感染筛查和问卷调查，收集调查对象的社会人口学基本资料、感染相关危险因素，并进行相关实验室检测。结果 共调查2 290名当地成年居民，该乡人群HIV感染率为7.9%， HBV感染率为3.1%，HIV/HBV共感染率为1.2%。对于HIV感染，小学及以上文化程度（OR=3.28，95%CI：1.54～6.96）、有吸毒史（OR=46.32，95%CI：15.30～140.25）、配偶有吸毒史（OR=3.52， 95%CI：1.33～9.30）、配偶HIV感染史（OR=9.56，95%CI：3.49～26.20）是危险因素，家庭年总收入≥5 000元的人群感染HIV的危险性明显低于家庭年总收入<1 000元的人群（OR=0.14，95%CI：0.03～0.66），家庭年总收入1 000～3 000元的人群感染HIV的危险性明显低于家庭年总收入<1 000元的人群（OR=0.28，95%CI：0.11～0.68），有打工史的人群感染HIV危险性明显低于其他人群（OR=0.33，95%CI：0.15～0.72）。对于HBV感染，有打工史是危险因素（OR=2.48，95%CI：1.16～3.42）。对于HIV/HBV共感染，配偶有HIV感染史是危险因素（OR=6.04，95%CI：1.28～28.48）。 结论 该彝族聚居区人群HIV疫情较为严重，应加强艾滋病防治的宣传教育、针具交换以及美沙酮替代治疗等防治工作来控制当地艾滋病的传播。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors on HIV,HBV infection of people from the southwest province of China and to provide basic data for the development of related strategies. Methods According to the information on current HIV epidemics,one township from the area was selected as the study field and all the adult population were surveyed using a questionnaire to collect social demographic data and information on infection-related factors. Results A total of 2 290 adults were investigated and data showed as follows:the average HIV infection rate as 7.9%,the average HBV infection rate as 3.1%,and the average HIV/HBV co-infection rate as 1.2%. As for HIV infection, people whose yearly family gross income between 1 000 and 3 000 Yuan (OR=0.28) or more than 5 000 Yuan (OR=0.14) were less likely to be infected with HIV than those people whose annual family gross income less than 1 000 Yuan. People with educational level of primary school and above were more likely to carry HIV than those who were illiterate (OR=3.28). People who had the history of migration were less likely to carry HIV than those who had not (OR=0.33). People who had the history of being drug abusers were more likely to infect HIV than those who had not (OR=46.32). People whose spouses had the history of using drugs were more likely to infect HIV than those who had not (OR=3.52). People whose spouses had been infected with HIV were more likely to infect HIV than those who had not (OR=9.56). As for HBV infection,people who had the history of migration were more likely to infect HBV (OR=2.48). As for HIV/HBV co-infection,people whose spouses had the history of HIV infection were more likely to infect HIV/HBV co-infection than others who did not have the history (OR=6.04). Conclusion There had been a serious HIV/AIDS epidemic in our study field. Other than taking measures as detection and vaccination on HBV,health education should be strengthened,together with measurements as needle exchange and methadone substitution therapy,to control the spread of AIDS. |
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