| 江国虹,李威,郑文龙,徐忠良,王德征,潘怡,沈成凤,杨溢,王卓,马洁,薛晓丹,沈文达.《天津市控制吸烟条例》实施效果的综合评价[J].中华流行病学杂志,2015,36(6):561-564 |
| 《天津市控制吸烟条例》实施效果的综合评价 |
| Comprehensive assessment on the outcome of Tianjin Act of Tobacco Control |
| 收稿日期:2014-11-27 出版日期:2015-06-09 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2015.06.005 |
| 中文关键词: 控烟 二手烟 室内工作场所和公共场所 |
| 英文关键词: Tobacco control Secondhand smoke Indoor public places and work places |
| 基金项目:彭博全球控制烟草危害基金资助“无烟环境促进项目” |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 比较《天津市控制吸烟条例》(条例)实施前后连续4年的变化,综合评价控烟的成效.方法 通过天津市发病登记系统收集的心肌梗死(心梗)就诊信息,采用The Survey System进行估算,抽取有代表性的室内场所样本量进行PM2.5监测和现场观察,以及代表性的人群样本量开展拦截及入户调查.结果 条例实施后医疗卫生、教育和政府机构以及室内候车场所内张贴禁烟标志均有较大程度提高(P< 0.01);条例规定的9类主要公共场所吸烟现象均呈现下降(P< 0.05);全人群“二手烟”暴露率下降26.5%(P< 0.01),室内工作职业人群心梗入院频数随年份出现显著下降趋势(β=-0.061,P=0.00),而同期全人群的心梗就诊例数仍然呈上升趋势(β=0.059,P=0.00).结论 条例的实施对减少吸烟和“二手烟”危害起到促进作用,应广泛宣传控烟带来的健康效益和社会效益,以促进条例的全面落实. |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To evaluate the integrated effects of tobacco control programs through comparing the pre- and post- implementation of the Tianjin Tobacco Control Act(Act),in 4 successive years. Methods Case-related data on myocardial infarction was collected by Tianjin Surveillance System,New Case Registry. Both the representative sample size of indoor working places and public places for observation and PM2.5 monitored were selected through the calculation of Survey System,while the representative sample size of people involved in the survey for interview was under the Door to Door and Intercept. Results Through comparing the pre- and post- implementation programs on Act,the posting of “No Smoking Sign” had become much more visible in hospitals,schools,governmental buildings and the waiting areas of public transportation. People smoked much less in the main public places,excepting for hotels and public bath rooms(P< 0.05). Exposure to secondhand smoking (SHS) had a 26.5%(P< 0.01) decline,than the Act was implemented in workplace and public place. Despite the number of cases increased in the entire population in Tianjin(β=-0.061,P=0.00; β=0.059,P=0.00),cases with myocardial infarction presented at the hospitals were declining annually,among the indoor workers. Conclusion Act showed a positive effect in decreasing the number of smokers in public places thus protecting people from the negative effects on SHS. Message on health effect and social benefits on tobacco control should be disseminated to facilitate the comprehensive implementation of the Act. |
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