体育锻炼、睡眠和家庭作业时间与中小学生疑似近视的关系

许韶君; 万宇辉; 徐增辉; 张辉; 徐亮; 王博; 陶芳标

文章摘要

许韶君,万宇辉,徐增辉,张辉,徐亮,王博,陶芳标.体育锻炼、睡眠和家庭作业时间与中小学生疑似近视的关系[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(2):183-186

体育锻炼、睡眠和家庭作业时间与中小学生疑似近视的关系

Association between time spent on physical exercise, sleep, homework and suspected myopia among students

收稿日期:2015-05-11 出版日期:2016-02-18

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.02.006

中文关键词: 身体活动睡眠近视学生问卷调查

英文关键词: Physical activity Sleep Myopia Student Questionnaires

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(81402700);安徽省科技计划(1401045017)

作者	单位	E-mail
许韶君	230032 合肥, 安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系安徽人口健康与优生省级实验室
万宇辉	230032 合肥, 安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系安徽人口健康与优生省级实验室
徐增辉	230032 合肥, 安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系安徽人口健康与优生省级实验室
张辉	230032 合肥, 安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系安徽人口健康与优生省级实验室
徐亮	230032 合肥, 安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系安徽人口健康与优生省级实验室
王博	230032 合肥, 安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系安徽人口健康与优生省级实验室
陶芳标	230032 合肥, 安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系安徽人口健康与优生省级实验室	fbtao@ahmu.edu.cn

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中文摘要:

目的分析每天体育锻炼、睡眠和家庭作业时间与学生疑似近视的关系,为近视防控策略和干预措施提供科学依据。方法样本来自参加安徽省2014年全国学生体质与健康调研问卷调查,并经视力检查和串镜检查判断为视力正常和疑似近视的8 030名4年级以上中小学生。采用χ²检验描述学生疑似近视、每天体育锻炼、睡眠和家庭作业时间现状,采用多因素logistic回归分析每天体育锻炼、睡眠和家庭作业时间与学生疑似近视的关联。结果 8 030名4年级以上中小学生疑似近视检出率为69.03%。城市学生疑似近视检出率高于乡村学生(χ²=138.54,P<0.01),女生高于男生(χ²=50.43,P<0.01)。随着年龄段增加,学生疑似近视检出率呈增高趋势(趋势χ²=519.57,P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,每天体育锻炼、睡眠和家庭作业时间与学生疑似近视存在关联,其关联强度在不同年龄组有所不同。体育锻炼时间≥1 h/d是8~12岁组学生疑似近视的保护因素(OR=0.80,95% CI:0.64~0.99),睡眠时间≥8 h/d是13~15岁和16~18岁组学生疑似近视的保护因素(OR=0.73,95% CI:0.56~0.94;OR=0.38,95% CI:0.21~0.68),家庭作业时间≥2 h/d是8~12岁和13~15岁组学生疑似近视的危险因素(OR=1.41,95% CI:1.11~1.79;OR=1.74,95% CI:1.36~2.23)。结论保障中小学生每天充足的体育锻炼和睡眠时间以及减少家庭作业时间是学生近视防控的有效措施,不同年龄阶段的学生近视防控策略应有所侧重。

英文摘要:

Objective To investigate the prevalence of suspected myopia among students and to examine the relationship between time spent on physical exercise, sleep, homework and suspected myopia.Methods A total of 8 030 primary and secondary school students from 4^th to 12^th grades were selected from the National Student Constitution and Health Survey(NSCHS) in Anhui province in 2014.Time spent on exercise, sleep and homework per day were collected using a self-administrated questionnaire.Visual acuity was examined using the Standard Logarithmic Visual Acuity Chart.Results The overall prevalence of suspected myopia was 69.03%.Prevalence rates of suspected myopia appeared higher in girls, in urban students, with the highest in the 16 to 18 year-old groups.Results from the multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the amount of time spent on physical exercise, sleep and homework per day were all significantly associated with suspected myopia.Suspected myopia was associated with longer time on physical exercise among students aged 8 to 12 years(OR=0.80, 95% CI:0.64-0.99), and longer sleep time among students in the age groups of 13 to 15 years and 16 to 18 years(OR=0.73, 95% CI:0.56-0.94;OR=0.38, 95% CI:0.21-0.68, respectively).Longer time spent on homework significantly increased the risk of suspected myopia among students in the age groups of 8 to 12 years and 13 to 15 years(OR=1.41, 95% CI:1.11-1.79;OR=1.74, 95% CI:1.36-2.23, respectively).Conclusion Suspected myopia appeared common among students.Comprehensive intervention programs focusing on sufficient physical exercise and sleep but less homework might help to prevent myopia among students at different ages.

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