| 邢秀雅,徐伟,陈叶纪,刘志荣,贾尚春,谢建嵘,吴庆生.安徽省2006-2014年伤害监测点老年跌倒/坠落病例变化趋势及特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(5):702-707 |
| 安徽省2006-2014年伤害监测点老年跌倒/坠落病例变化趋势及特征分析 |
| Trend and characteristics of fall in elderly adults based on data from national injury surveillance sentinel hospitals in Anhui province, 2006-2014 |
| 收稿日期:2015-12-21 出版日期:2016-05-13 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.05.024 |
| 中文关键词: 伤害 跌倒/坠落 老年 监测 |
| 英文关键词: Injury Fall Elderly Surveillance |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解安徽省2006-2014年老年跌倒/坠落门诊病例变化趋势及特征,为制定老年跌倒/坠落干预措施和政策提供科学依据。方法 利用2006-2014年安徽省2个全国伤害监测点6家哨点医院数据,分析老年跌倒/坠落病例变化趋势及人口学、病例分布和临床特征。结果 老年跌倒/坠落一直居安徽省老年伤害发生原因的第一位,且病例数量、占伤害病例的比例、占跌倒/坠落病例的比例均呈逐年上升趋势。男女性别比为0.74,且男性比例随年龄增长而减少。男性病例居首位的职业为离退休人员,女性病例为家务人员。每年8-10月、每天09:00-11:00和16:00-18:00为跌倒/坠落高峰时段。发生地点为家中最多见(62.07%),女性在家中发生比例高于男性(70.27% vs. 50.97%)。发生时活动状态构成前二位分别是休闲活动(49.18%)和家务(28.67%),其中女性家务活动的比例大于男性。伤害性质男、女性分别以挫伤/擦伤(42.63%)和骨折(47.27%)居首位。受伤部位男、女性分别以头部(38.04%)和下肢(29.29%)为最多。严重程度以轻度(55.12%)和中度(41.84%)为主,随年龄增长,中、重度病例构成比例均逐渐增加。结论 老年跌倒/坠落问题不容忽视,应根据老年跌倒/坠落病例的性别、年龄差异开展有针对性的防控措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the incidence pattern of fall among older adults in Anhui province during 2006-2014, and provide scientific basis for intervention strategies and decision-making. Methods The incidence data of fall in elderly adults from 6 sentinel hospitals in 2 national injury surveillance areas in Anhui province between 2006 and 2014 were collected for this descriptive epidemiological analysis of the overall incidence trend, demographic characteristics, case distribution and clinical characteristics of fall cases in the elderly. Results The fall case number, the proportions of fall cases to injury cases and to overall fall cases in the elderly all increased from 2006 to 2014. The fall was the first cause of the elderly injury during the past 9 years. The sex ratio was 0.74 and the cases in males decreased with age. In both males and females, the cases in retirees and the jobless accounted for the highest proportions. The annual incidence peak was during August to October, and two daily incidence peaks were during 9 am-11 am and 16 pm-18 pm. The elderly falls mainly occurred at home (62.07%), and more females were affected than males (70.27% vs. 50.97%). Leisure activity and homework related falls accounted for 49.18% and 28.67% respectively, and more housework related falls occurred in females than in males. Contusion/abrasion was the first injury caused by fall in males (42.63%) and fracture was the first injury caused by fall in females (47.27%). Head was the first injury site in males (38.04%) and leg was the first injury site in females (29.29%). Most injuries caused by fall were mild (55.12%) and moderate (41.84%) in severity, but the proportions of moderate and severe cases increased gradually with age. Conclusion Fall in the elderly has become a public health problem. It is necessary to take targeted prevention and control measures according to the gender and age distributions of the fall in the elderly. |
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