| 王富珍,郑徽,刘建华,孙校金,缪宁,沈立萍,张国民,崔富强.中国2014年2~29岁人群甲型肝炎疫苗接种率及甲型肝炎报告发病分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(8):1099-1104 |
| 中国2014年2~29岁人群甲型肝炎疫苗接种率及甲型肝炎报告发病分析 |
| The coverage of hepatitis A vaccine among 2-29 year olds and the reporting incidence of hepatitis A in China, 2014 |
| 收稿日期:2016-03-29 出版日期:2016-08-10 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.08.009 |
| 中文关键词: 甲型肝炎 甲型肝炎疫苗 接种率 发病率 |
| 英文关键词: Hepatitis A Hepatitis A vaccine Vaccination rate Incidence rate |
| 基金项目:国家科技重大专项（2012ZX10002001） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 评价中国2～29岁人群甲型肝炎（甲肝）疫苗接种率和甲肝报告发病率。方法 基于2014年全国乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查数据库中甲肝疫苗接种史信息，运用SAS 9.4软件分析2～29岁人群甲肝疫苗接种率。通过全国传染病报告信息管理系统获取2004-2014年甲肝报告发病资料，运用Excel 2007软件分析甲肝报告发病率。结果 共分析全国2～29岁人群29 058人，甲肝疫苗接种率为44.6%，年龄越小，甲肝疫苗接种率越高，其中2～6岁、7～14岁人群甲肝疫苗接种率分别为91.2%、76.0%。2004-2014年全国甲肝报告发病率逐年下降，其中2～6岁、7～14岁人群和全人群2007-2013年甲肝报告发病率下降幅度分别为82.5%、90.6%、72.1%。结论 甲肝疫苗纳入我国扩大免疫规划以后，2～6岁出生人群甲肝疫苗接种率达到90%以上，无城乡差异；2～6岁甲肝报告发病率下降幅度大于全人群。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To evaluate the hepatitis A vaccine coverage among 2-29 year olds and the reported incidence rates of hepatitis A, in China. Methods Based on data from the national sero-survey on hepatitis B in 2014, information on hepatitis A vaccine immunization was collected and the coverage of hepatitis A vaccine was analyzed with SAS software (Version 9.4). Incidence data on hepatitis A was also collected from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System between 2004 and 2014, and analyzed using the micro-software Excel 2007. Results Totally, data involving 29 058 people aged 2-29 years were available for analysis and the overall hepatitis A vaccine coverage was 44.6%. The younger the age, the higher the coverage appeared. Among the 2-6 year and the 7-14 year olds, rates of hepatitis A vaccine coverage were 91.2% and 76.0% respectively. From 2004 to 2014, the incidence rates of hepatitis A in the whole population were declining, annually. The incidence rates showed continuously declining as 82.5%, 90.6%, 72.1% among children at the age groups of 2-6 years, 7-14 years and in the whole population, from 2007 to 2013. Conclusion After the inclusion of hepatitis A vaccine into the Expanded Programe on Immunization (EPI), the coverage of hepatitis A vaccine among the 2-6 year olds increased to over 90%, with no obvious difference between the urban and rural areas. Incidence of hepatitis A in the 2-6 year olds showed a more rapid decline than that in the whole population. |
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