| 马爱娟,董忠,李航,董晶,方凯,谢瑾,祁琨,周滢,谢晨,赵越.北京市2014年成年人吸烟及危害认知现况调查[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(9):1233-1237 |
| 北京市2014年成年人吸烟及危害认知现况调查 |
| Current smoking status and awareness of tobacco hazard in adults in Beijing, 2014 |
| 收稿日期:2016-04-20 出版日期:2016-09-14 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.09.010 |
| 中文关键词: 吸烟 被动吸烟 戒烟 知识 |
| 英文关键词: Smoking Passive smoking Smoking cessation Knowledge |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解2014年北京市成年人现在吸烟状况及危害认知情况。方法 2014年9-11月采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法在北京市16个区（县）共抽取36个街道/乡镇180个社区，共计19 815名18～79岁常住居民进行问卷调查。结果 有效样本量为19 738人。现在吸烟率为26.6%（5 253/19 738），男性为52.2%（4 875/9 340），女性为3.6%（378/10 398），男性高于女性；50～59岁年龄组现在吸烟率最高，达32.7%（1 473/4 499）；郊区现在吸烟率为28.9%（2 320/8 023）高于城区的25.0%（2 933/11 715）。现在每日吸烟率为23.7%（4 677/19 738）。开始每天吸烟的平均年龄为19.2岁，日均吸烟量为15.2支。知识得分平均为5.8分；现在吸烟者5.5分，明显低于现在不吸烟者6.0分（t=-9.854，P=0.000）。5.7%（298/5 213）的现在吸烟者打算1个月内戒烟，就医时医生建议戒烟的比例为66.0%（1 638/2 481）。慢性病患者的现在吸烟率为31.8%（3 703/11 628），5.5%（202/3 686）打算1个月内戒烟。结论 北京市男性吸烟水平仍处于高平台期；开始每日吸烟年龄低龄化；吸烟和被动吸烟危害知识缺乏；戒烟意愿低；医生建议戒烟率低。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the status of current smoking and awareness of hazard in adults in Beijing, 2014. Methods A total of 19 815 subjects were randomly selected with stratified multi-stage cluster sampling from 180 communities of 36 townships of 16 districts in Beijing. Each subject received a standardized questionnaire interview. Results The current smoking rate of the adults was 26.6% (5 253/19 738), which was higher in men (52.2%) than in women (3.6%) and higher in suburb area (28.9%) than in urban area (25.0%). The adults aged 50-59 had higher rate of current smoking. The daily smoking rate was 23.7% (4 677/19 738). The average age when smoking started was 19.2 years. On average, one smoker consumed 15.2 cigarettes per day. The average score for smoking hazard awareness was 5.8, which was higher in smokers than in non-smokers (5.5 vs. 6.0) (t=-9.854, P=0.000). In the smokers, 5.7% (298/5 213) intended to give up smoking within one month. Doctors gave advice to stop smoking for 66.0% of current smokers. The current smoking rate of patients with chronic disease was 31.8% (3 703/11 628), and 5.5% (202/3 686) of them intended to stop smoking within one month. Conclusions The smoking rate was still high in men in Beijing. The age of starting smoking every day decreased among younger people. The levels of awareness of tobacco hazard and passive smoking were still low. The willingness of smoking cessation was low. The rate of doctor giving smoking cessation advice was low. |
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