| 李真真,汤哲,王荣.中国7个城市老年人失能现状调查[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(12):1561-1564 |
| 中国7个城市老年人失能现状调查 |
| Status of elderly disability in 7 cities of China |
| 收稿日期:2016-06-08 出版日期:2016-12-12 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.12.001 |
| 中文关键词: 失能老年人 现状调查 |
| 英文关键词: Disability elderly Status survey |
| 基金项目:卫生部行业基金科研专项（201002011） |
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| 全文下载次数: 2023 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析中国城乡失能老年人现状以及失能的人口学特征。方法 采用按类分层分阶段随机整群抽样方法，在不同地区（南方、北方）的7个城市调查城乡社区≥60岁老年人6 864人。采用统一问卷，入户调查社区老年人的基本信息及与失能相关信息，采用 χ2检验分析不同特征老年群体之间失能率的差异。结果 共完成6 864名城乡社区老年人健康调查及失能评估，平均失能率为7.0%（加权值），其中女性（7.9%）高于男性（6.0%）（P<0.01）。农村老年人失能率（10.9%）高于城区（4.7%）（P<0.01）；北方地区老年人失能率（7.6%）高于南方（5.4%）（P<0.01）；在北京、重庆、哈尔滨、成都、西安、长沙、上海7个城市的城区老年人失能率分别为5.7%、5.3%、4.5%、3.9%、3.0%、2.3%、1.2%（P<0.01）。老年人失能率随年龄增加而增高，在60～、65～、70～、75～、≥80岁5个年龄段的平均失能率分别为2.5%、4.0%、5.3%、9.9%、25.1%（P<0.01）。结论 中国城乡老年人平均失能率为7.0%（加权值），女性失能率高于男性；农村老年人失能率高于城区；北方地区老年人失能率高于南方；随年龄增加失能率增高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective This study focused on the proportions of disability in old people of China (rural and urban) and the demographic characteristics of disability. Methods Random sampling was used that including stratified, multiple-stage, and cluster sampling methods. This research project was conducted in 7 municipalities (north, south) of China, including 6 864 urban and rural people aged 60 and above. Interviewers used unified questionnaire and performed door to door. Basic and related information on disability of the community elderly were gathered. χ2 test was used to compare the differences of rates on the extent of disability among different groups of elderly. Results Health condition and disability assessment on 6 864 urban and rural elderly living in the communities were analyzed. The overall mean rate of disability in the elderly was 7.0%, with the proportion of disability in women (7.9%) significantly higher than in men (6.0%) (P<0.01). Proportions of disability in rural areas (10.9%) were significantly higher than those in urban areas (4.7%) (P<0.01). Region wise, it was also seen higher in the north (7.6%) than in the south (5.4%) (P<0.01) parts of the country. The rates of disability in cities as Beijing, Chongqing, Haerbin, Chengdu, Xi'an, Changsha, Shanghai were 5.7%, 5.3%, 4.5%, 3.9%, 3.0%, 2.3%, 1.2% (P<0.01) respectively with Beijing being the highest and Shanghai being the lowest, all with statistical significances. Mean disability rates in the age groups of 60-, 65-, 70-, 75- and ≥80 were 2.5%, 4.0%, 5.3%, 9.9% and 25.1% (P<0.01) respectively, with the rising rates of disability parallel to the increase of age. Conclusion In China, the overall rate of disability in the elderly (urban and rural community) was 7.0%. The rates of disability were significantly higher in women than in men, in rural than in urban areas and higher in the north than in the south parts of the country. The rates of disability were increasing along with age of the elderly. |
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