| 曾新颖,刘世炜,王黎君,张梅,殷鹏,刘韫宁,赵振平,王丽敏.2013年中国人群血压升高对死亡和期望寿命的影响[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(8):1011-1016 |
| 2013年中国人群血压升高对死亡和期望寿命的影响 |
| Mortality and life expectancy that attributable to high blood pressure in Chinese people in 2013 |
| 收稿日期:2017-03-01 出版日期:2017-08-12 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.08.003 |
| 中文关键词: 血压升高 期望寿命 性别因素 死亡原因 人群归因分值 |
| 英文关键词: High blood pressure Life expectancy Sex factors Cause of death Population attributable fraction |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 评估2013年中国不同地区、性别人群血压升高造成的死亡和期望寿命损失情况。方法 用2013年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测数据和2013年人口死亡信息登记管理系统中死因监测数据，根据比较风险评估理论，计算分性别、城乡、东中西部地区人群血压升高的人群归因分值（PAF），进而估计血压升高造成的死亡和期望寿命损失。结果 2013年中国≥ 25岁人群SBP平均为（129.48±20.27）mmHg，血压升高[SBP高于（115±6）mmHg）]导致208.79万人死亡，占总死亡人数的22.78%；男性SBP[（131.15±18.73）mmHg]、归因于血压升高的死亡数（115.17万例）、死亡率（165.56/10万）、标化死亡率（106.97/10万）均高于女性[分别为（127.79±21.60）mmHg、93.62万例、141.99/10万和68.93/10万]。农村人群SBP[（130.25±20.66）mmHg]、归因死亡数（112.34万例）、归因死亡率（178.58/10万）和PAF（23.59%）均高于城市人群[分别为（128.58±19.77）mmHg、96.45万例、132.87/10万和21.54%]；东、中、西部地区人群之间的SBP水平接近，归因死亡数、归因死亡率和PAF在中部地区最高，分别为76.58万例、179.93/10万和26.72%。2013年中国≥ 25岁人群血压升高导致的心血管病和慢性肾病死亡数为199.12万和9.66万，分别占心血管病总死亡数的52.31%和慢性肾病总死亡数的62.11%。血压升高导致疾病死亡数最多的前3种疾病是缺血性心脏病（66.56万例）、出血性脑卒中（53.31万例）和缺血性脑卒中（35.93万例）。若消除血压升高因素影响，人均期望寿命可平均增加2.86岁，其中女性增加数量高于男性（分别为3.07和2.64岁），中部地区人群高于东西部地区人群（分别为3.48、2.56和2.58岁），农村人群高于城市（分别为2.97和2.59岁）。结论 2013年中国人群血压升高对死亡和期望寿命造成严重影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To estimate the deaths (mortality) and life expectancy that attributable to high blood pressure in people from different regions and gender, in China in 2013. Methods Data was from the ‘China Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance 2013’ and the ‘China National Mortality Surveillance 2013’. According to the comparative risk assessment theory, population attributable fraction (PAF) of high blood pressure by gender, urban-rural, east-central-west regions was calculated before the estimations on deaths (mortality) and life expectancy attributable to high blood pressure was made. Results In 2013, among the Chinese people aged 25 years old and above, the mean SBP was (129.48±20.27) mmHg. High blood pressure[SBP>(115±6) mmHg] caused 20.879 million deaths and accounted for 22.78% of the total deaths. SBP, deaths, mortality rate and standardized mortality rate that attributable to high blood pressure all appeared higher in men[(131.15±18.73) mmHg, 11.517 million, 165.56/100 000 and 106.97/100 000, respectively] than in women[(127.79±21.60) mmHg, 9.362 million, 141.99/100 000 and 68.93/100 000, respectively]. SBP, deaths, mortality rate and PAF were all seen higher in rural[(130.25±20.66) mmHg, 11.234 million, 178.58/100 000 and 23.59%, respectively] than in urban[(128.58±19.77) mmHg, 9.645 million, 132.87/100 000 and 21.54%, respectively] areas. However, levels of SBP were similar in the east, central or west regions, with attributable deaths, attributable mortality rate and PAF the highest as 7.658 million 179.93/100 000, and 26.72% respectively. In 2013, among the Chinese people aged 25 years old and above, deaths caused by cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease attributable to high blood pressure were 19.912 million and 0.966 million, accounting for 52.31% of the total deaths due to cardiovascular diseases and 62.11% to the total chronic kidney diseases. The top three deaths attributable to high blood pressure were ischemic heart disease (6.656 million), hemorrhagic stroke (5.331 million) and ischemic stroke (3.593 million). When the effect of high blood pressure had been eliminated, the life expectancy per capita would have increased by 2.86 years old, with higher in women than in men (3.07 and 2.64 years old, respectively), higher in central than in east and west (3.48, 2.56 and 2.58 years, respectively) areas, in rural than in urban (2.97 and 2.59 years, respectively) areas. Conclusions In 2013, the number of deaths attributable to high blood pressure was around 20.9 million, accounting for 22.78% of the total deaths, and appeared higher in men than in women, in rural than in urban, in central than in east and west areas. The mortality burden induced by ischemic heart disease, hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke was most serious since the high blood pressure brought about 2.86 years of lost in life expectancy. |
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