| 王亚丽,王煊,任瑞琦,周蕾,涂文校,倪大新,李群,冯子健,张彦平.中国2013-2016年境外输入传染病的流行病学特征[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(11):1499-1503 |
| 中国2013-2016年境外输入传染病的流行病学特征 |
| Epidemiology of imported infectious diseases in China, 2013-2016 |
| 收稿日期:2017-04-07 出版日期:2017-11-11 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.11.012 |
| 中文关键词: 传染病 境外输入 流行病学特征 |
| 英文关键词: Infectious disease Imported case Epidemiology characteristics |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解2013-2016年我国境外输入传染病的发病情况，包括传染病病种、输入我国省份、感染来源地、来源国家及其流行病学特征，为境外输入性传染病防控提供科学依据。方法 收集2013-2016年中国CDC传染病信息报告管理系统所报告的境外输入传染病病例信息，应用Excel 2010和SPSS 18.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 2013-2016年我国通过传染病疫情信息报告系统共报告境外输入传染病16 206例，以疟疾为主（13 471例，占83.12%），其次为登革热（2 628例，占16.22%）。境外输入传染病以男性为主（14 522例，占89.61%），病例多为20~50岁青壮年。除寨卡病毒病和黄热病以春节前后输入病例稍多外，其余大部分病例以夏秋季多发。输入省份因传染病种类而有所不同，主要为中国云南、江苏、广西、广东等省份。输出国家因病种有所不同，主要为缅甸等亚洲地区的国家和加纳、安哥拉、赤道几内亚等非洲地区的国家。结论 根据我国境外输入传染病种类及其来源国家等流行病学特征的不同，建议对出国务工人员有针对性地开展出国前健康教育；节假日前后要加强自疫区归国人员健康筛查和追踪、随访；建立健全我国境外输入传染病监测预警和风险评估机制等，以减少我国境外输入传染病发病水平及引起本地传播疫情的发生。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To describe the epidemic of imported infectious diseases in China between 2013 and 2016, including the kinds of infectious diseases, affected provinces, source countries and the epidemiological characteristics, and provide scientific information for the prevention and control of imported infectious diseases. Methods Data of cases of imported infectious diseases in China from 2013 to 2016 were collected from national information reporting system of infectious diseases, Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS 18.0 were used to conduct data cleaning and analysis. Results From 2013 to 2016, a total of 16 206 imported cases of infectious diseases were reported in China. Of all the cases, 83.12% (13 471 cases) were malaria cases, followed by dengue fever (2 628 cases, 16.22%). The majority of the imported cases were males (14 522 cases, 89.61%). Most cases were aged 20-50 years. Except Zika virus disease and yellow fever, which were mainly reported before and after spring festival, other imported infectious diseases mainly occurred in summer and autumn. The epidemic in affected provinces varied with the types of infectious diseases, and Yunnan reported the largest case number of imported infectious diseases, followed by Jiangsu, Guangxi and Guangdong. The imported cases were mainly from Asian countries, such as Burma, and African countries, such as Angola, Equatorial Guinea and Ghana, which also varied with the types of infectious diseases. Conclusions We should pay more attention to imported infectious diseases and strengthen the prevention and control measures in our country. In order to reduce the incidence of imported infectious diseases, the health education should be enforced for persons who plan to travel abroad and the active surveillance should be strengthened for returned travelers. |
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