| 齐士格,王志会,王丽敏,张梅.2013年中国老年居民跌倒伤害流行状况分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2018,39(4):439-442 |
| 2013年中国老年居民跌倒伤害流行状况分析 |
| Current status of falls and related injuries among Chinese elderly in 2013 |
| 收稿日期:2017-08-04 出版日期:2018-04-18 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.04.010 |
| 中文关键词: 跌倒 监测 老年人 |
| 英文关键词: Falls Surveillance Elderly |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 4221 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 调查2013年中国≥ 60岁居民跌倒伤害流行状况。方法 2013年在我国31个省（自治区、直辖市）监测点开展了第四次中国慢性病及其危险因素监测调查。该调查采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法抽取98 629名≥ 60岁社区居民进行面对面的老年健康问题调查，以性别、年龄、城乡和文化程度等作为分层因素，比较不同特征的≥ 60岁居民跌倒发生率及跌倒伤害发生情况。结果 我国≥ 60岁居民6个月内跌倒发生率为8.0%（95% CI：7.5%~8.5%），跌倒发生率随年龄增长而增加，随文化程度升高而降低；女性跌倒发生率（9.1%）高于男性（6.8%），差异有统计学意义（χ2=74.1，P<0.01）；农村人群跌倒发生率（8.6%）高于城市（7.2%），差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.7，P<0.01）；无配偶老年人跌倒发生率（11.0%）高于有配偶老年人（7.0%），差异有统计学意义（χ2=128.0，P<0.01）；农民和家务劳动者跌倒发生率高于其他职业人群。在发生过跌倒的老年人群中，52.6%出现受伤情况，女性老年人跌倒后受伤的比例（54.8%）高于男性（49.6%），差异有统计学意义（χ2=10.2，P<0.01）。在跌倒后受伤人中，发生各类型伤害分别为髋部骨折（7.3%）、手/手臂骨折（12.5%）、头部受伤（8.0%）、擦伤/挫伤（53.6%），≥ 80岁年龄组髋部骨折的发生比例为12.4%，高于其他各年龄组。结论 我国≥ 60岁居民跌倒发生率处在较高水平，并且在性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、城乡和职业间的跌倒率有明显差异，应广泛加强针对不同特征老年人群跌倒及跌倒伤害发生的预防和干预工作。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the demographic characteristics of falls and fall-related injuries in Chinese elderly population. Methods In 2013, the 4th round Chronic Non-communicable Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance in China was conducted in 31 provinces. A stratified multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select the samples. A total number of 98 629 community-based adults aged 60 years and older received a set of standardized questionnaires with a face to face interview. The prevalence rates of falls and consequent injuries were compared between different genders, age groups, levels of education and areas of residency. Results The overall prevalence of falls among elderly in the previous 6 months was 8.0%(95% CI:7.5%-8.5%). The prevalence was increasing with age and decreasing with the levels of education, and higher in females (9.1%) than in males (6.8%), with differences statistically significant (χ2=74.1, P<0.01). Prevalence rates were also seen higher in rural (8.6%), in widowed (11.0%) residents and in farmers or house workers than those in urban areas (7.2%), in non-widowed (7.0%), or having other jobs, with differences all statistically significant (χ2=7.7, P<0.01, χ2=128.0, P<0.01). 52.6% of the elderly got injured when fell. The proportion of injury was greater in females (54.8%) than that in males (49.6%), with differences statistically significant (χ2=10.2, P<0.01). Proportion of most frequent types of injuries were hip fractures (7.3%), hand/arm fractures (12.5%), head injury (8.0%) and bruise (53.6%) respectively. The proportion of hip fractures was 12.4% in elderly over 80 year of age, also was the highest. Conclusions Results from the present study showed that elderly suffered high prevalence of falls. Statistically significant differences were seen in residents with different groups as genders, age, education levels, marital status, urban/rural areas or jobs. Group-based comprehensive prevention and intervention on falls should be strengthened. |
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