| 何玉琢,包鹤龄,冯雅靖,丛舒,樊静,王宁,王宝华,方利文.2014年中国40岁及以上女性人群烹饪生物燃料暴露状况[J].中华流行病学杂志,2018,39(5):574-579 |
| 2014年中国40岁及以上女性人群烹饪生物燃料暴露状况 |
| Prevalence of biomass fuel exposure in women aged 40 years and older in China, 2014 |
| 收稿日期:2017-12-16 出版日期:2018-05-24 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.05.007 |
| 中文关键词: 生物燃料暴露 女性 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 横断面研究 |
| 英文关键词: Biomass fuel exposure Woman Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Cross- sectional study |
| 基金项目:中央转移支付重大公共卫生项目；国家重点研发计划（2016YFC1303905） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解2014－2015年我国≥40岁女性烹饪生物燃料暴露情况，为生物燃料暴露防控工作提供参考信息。方法 调查对象来源于2014－2015年中国COPD监测。在中国31个省（自治区、直辖市）选取125个监测点，采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法，通过面对面询问调查方式收集相关信息，共调查≥40岁女性37 795人。对样本进行复杂加权后，分析不同特征女性烹饪生物燃料暴露情况。结果 纳入分析的有效样本为37 777人。经复杂加权后，我国≥40岁女性人群的烹饪生物燃料暴露率为35.8%（95% CI：29.6%～42.1%），乡村高于城镇（P<0.001）。七大地理区≥40岁女性生物燃料暴露率的差异有统计学意义（χ2=17.03，P=0.009），东北地区最高，华北地区最低。烹饪生物燃料暴露率随文化程度增加呈下降趋势（P<0.001）。结论 我国≥40岁女性人群烹饪生物燃料暴露水平较高，尤其是乡村地区，且存在年龄和地区差异。应根据当地具体情况，因地制宜，采取合适措施降低生物燃料暴露水平。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the prevalence of biomass fuel exposure in women aged ≥ 40 years in China during 2014-2015, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of bio-fuel exposure. Methods All participants were selected from a national representative cross-sectional survey during 2014-2015 in the mainland of China. A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling strategy was used. A total of 37 795 women aged ≥ 40 years received a face-to-face questionnaire survey at 125 surveillance points in 31 provinces. The level of biomass fuel exposure was analyzed after complex sample weighting to represent the overall Chinese women aged ≥ 40 years. Results A total of 37 777 women were included in the analysis. With complex weighting, the rate of biomass fuel exposure in Chinese women aged ≥ 40 years was 35.8% (95% CI:29.6%-42.1%), the exposure rate was higher in rural women than in urban women (P<0.001). The biomass fuel exposure rate was highest in northeastern and lowest in northern areas of China (χ2=17.03, P=0.009). The estimated biomass fuel exposure rate decreased with the increase of educational level (P<0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of biomass fuel exposure is high in women aged ≥ 40 years in China, especially in those in rural areas. The exposure level differs with age and area. Appropriate measures should be taken to reduce the level of biomass fuel exposure in Chinese women. |
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