| 樊静,王宁,方利文,冯雅靖,丛舒,包鹤龄,王临虹,王宝华.2014年中国40岁及以上人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病知识知晓率及其影响因素[J].中华流行病学杂志,2018,39(5):586-592 |
| 2014年中国40岁及以上人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病知识知晓率及其影响因素 |
| Awareness of knowledge about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and related factors in residents aged 40 years and older in China, 2014 |
| 收稿日期:2018-01-15 出版日期:2018-05-24 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.05.009 |
| 中文关键词: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 肺功能检查 健康教育 知晓 |
| 英文关键词: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Spirometry examination Health education Awareness |
| 基金项目:中央转移支付重大公共卫生项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解中国≥40岁人群的COPD知识知晓情况及其影响因素。方法 对象来源于2014－2015年中国居民COPD监测。该监测采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法在中国31个省（自治区、直辖市）的125个监测点抽取≥40岁常住居民进行面对面问卷调查，对75 082名调查对象的人口学特征及其COPD知识知晓情况进行频数和百分比的描述，采用复杂抽样加权估计≥40岁人群COPD知识知晓水平及其95% CI，并对其影响因素进行分析。结果 我国≥40岁人群的COPD疾病名称知晓率为9.2%。肺功能检查知晓率是3.6%，COPD相关知识知晓率是5.8%。上述3个知晓率均与性别、年龄、文化程度和职业有关，男性低于女性、60～岁组知晓率最高、大专、本科或研究生及以上者知晓率较高。此外，肺功能检查的知晓和COPD相关知识的知晓还与地区有关，东部地区的肺功能检查知晓高于中部，东部和西部地区的COPD相关知识知晓均高于中部。在COPD的症状中，气短或呼吸困难的知晓率最高（67.9%）。在COPD的危险因素中，吸烟的知晓率最高（81.3%）。COPD疾病名称的知晓途径比例最高的是电视（38.2%）。结论 2014年我国≥40岁人群的COPD知识知晓率较低。应积极采取措施加大对大众的COPD宣传教育力度，从而加强对COPD疾病的防控。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the awareness of knowledge about COPD and related factors in residents aged ≥ 40 years in China. Methods Through multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, residents aged ≥ 40 years were selected from 125 sites of COPD surveillance (2014-2015) in 31 provinces of China for a face to face questionnaire survey. The demographic characteristics and awareness rate of knowledge about COPD among 75 082 subjects were described as frequency and percentage. The awareness rate of knowledge about COPD and its 95% confidence interval (CI) among the residents aged ≥ 40 years were estimated with complicated sampling weights. Meanwhile, the knowledge awareness related factors were screened in complicated sampling data. Results The awareness rate of COPD was 9.2%. The awareness rate of pulmonary function test was 3.6% and the awareness rate of COPD-related knowledge was 5.8%. All of the awareness rates were associated with gender, age, education level and occupation. Besides, the awareness rate of pulmonary function test and COPD-related knowledge were related with living area. Compared with females, the ORs of the three awareness rates among males were 0.88, 0.81 and 0.78. Compared with the residents aged ≥ 70 years, the ORs of the three awareness rates among those aged 60-69 years were 1.28, 1.08 and 1.51. Compared with the residents with education level of primary school or below, the ORs of the three awareness rates among those with college degree or above were 2.28, 3.43 and 3.14. The OR of the awareness rate of pulmonary function test among the residents in the eastern area was 1.77 compared with those in the central area. The ORs of the awareness rate of COPD-related knowledge among the residents in the eastern and western areas were 1.95 and 2.16 compared with those in the central area (all above P<0.05). Among COPD symptoms, the awareness rate of dyspnea was highest (67.9%), and among the risk factors for COPD, the awareness rate of smoking was highest (81.3%). The source of awareness of COPD for most residents was television program (38.2%). Conclusion The awareness rate of knowledge about COPD was low in residents aged ≥ 40 years in China in 2014. It is necessary to strengthen the health education about COPD to improve the prevention and control of the disease. |
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