| 方利文,包鹤龄,王宝华,王宁,丛舒,樊静,冯雅靖,王临虹.2014年中国40岁及以上人群肺功能检查率调查与分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2018,39(5):593-599 |
| 2014年中国40岁及以上人群肺功能检查率调查与分析 |
| Survey and analyses of rate of spirometry examination in adults aged 40 years and older in China, 2014 |
| 收稿日期:2017-12-20 出版日期:2018-05-24 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.05.010 |
| 中文关键词: 肺功能检查 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 横断面研究 |
| 英文关键词: Spirometry examination Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Cross-sectional study |
| 基金项目:中央转移支付重大公共卫生项目 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 3302 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解中国≥40岁居民肺功能检查状况及其分布特征，为完善COPD综合防控策略与措施，评价综合防控效果提供依据。方法 对象来源于2014－2015年中国居民COPD监测调查，该监测覆盖中国31个省（自治区、直辖市）的125个监测县/区，采用多阶段分层整群抽样，共调查≥40岁常住居民75 107人，以面对面询问调查方式收集调查对象既往肺功能检查情况。对样本进行复杂抽样加权，估计≥40岁居民肺功能检查率及其95% CI。结果 74 591名调查对象纳入分析。中国≥40岁居民肺功能检查率为4.5%（95% CI：3.7%～5.2%），男性高于女性（P<0.001），城镇高于乡村（P<0.001），且随居民文化程度增高呈上升趋势（P<0.001）。在职业分布中，离退休人员的肺功能检查率最高为10.8%（95% CI：8.2%～13.3%），农林牧渔水利行业人群肺功能检查率最低为2.4%（95% CI：2.0%～2.9%）。有慢性呼吸系统疾病史、有呼吸道症状的居民肺功能检查率较高，分别为13.4%（95% CI：10.5%～16.4%）、15.0%（95% CI：10.5%～19.4%）。曾经吸烟者肺功能检查率为7.4%（95% CI：6.0%～8.8%），略高于现在吸烟和从不吸烟者，分别为4.7%（95% CI：3.9%～5.5%）和3.9%（95% CI：3.0%～4.7%）。在不同特征人群中，小学以下文化程度的乡村居民肺功能检查率最低（1.8%，95% CI：1.2%～2.3%），有呼吸道症状的城镇居民肺功能检查率最高（20.2%，95% CI：12.6%～27.8%）。结论 中国≥40岁居民肺功能检查水平极低，应采取有效措施，通过多种途径提高其肺功能检查率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the performance of spirometry examination in adults aged ≥ 40 years and provide evidence for the improvement of comprehensive prevention and control of COPD and the evaluation on the effects of current prevention and control measures. Methods The study subjects were those included in national COPD surveillance in China during 2014-2015. The surveillance used a multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling strategy and a total of 125 surveillance points in 31 provinces were covered. A total of 75 107 adults aged ≥ 40 years received a questionnaire survey in face to face interviews to collect the information about their acceptance of spirometry examination in previous years. The estimated rate (95% CI) of spirometry examination was calculated based on complex sampling weight design. Results A total of 74 591 subjects were included in the analyses. The estimated rate of spirometry examination was 4.5% (95% CI:3.7%-5.2%), and it was significantly higher in men than in women (P<0.001), in urban population than in rural population (P<0.001). The rate of spirometry examination increased with the increase of education level (P<0.001). The rate of spirometry examination was highest in retirees (10.8%, 95% CI:8.2%-13.3%), and lowest in those working in the industry of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and water conservancy (2.4%, 95% CI:2.0%-2.9%). The rate of spirometry examination was high in those with previous chronic respiratory diseases and respiratory symptoms, i.e. 13.4% (95% CI:10.5%-16.4%) and 15.0% (95% CI:10.5%-19.4%) respectively. The rate of spirometry examination in former smokers was 7.4% (95% CI:6.0%-8.8%), slightly higher than those in current smokers and never smokers, 4.7% (95% CI:3.9%-5.5%) and 3.9% (95% CI:3.0%-4.7%), respectively. In different population groups, the rate of spirometry examination was lowest in rural population who had received no formal education (1.8%, 95% CI:1.2%-2.3%) and highest in urban population with respiratory symptoms (20.2%, 95% CI:12.6%-27.8%). Conclusion The rate of spirometry examination is extremely low in adults aged ≥ 40 years in China, therefore effective measures should be taken to increase the rate of spirometry examination in adults in China. |
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