| 康敏,谭小华,杨宇威,武婕,郑慧贞,宋铁.广东省2017－2018年冬季流感流行特征研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2018,39(8):1071-1076 |
| 广东省2017－2018年冬季流感流行特征研究 |
| Epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Guangdong province, during winter of 2017-2018 |
| 收稿日期:2018-05-28 出版日期:2018-08-23 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.08.011 |
| 中文关键词: 流感 流行特征 冬季 疫苗 |
| 英文关键词: Influenza Epidemiological characteristics Winter Vaccine |
| 基金项目:广东省医学科学技术研究基金（C2017002）；科技部应急专项（2069999） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析广东省2017-2018年冬季流感流行特征，为流感季节性多样化的防控应对提供进一步的科学依据。方法 收集广东省2016年1月至2018年4月每周流感监测数据，分析2017-2018年冬季28家哨点医院门诊流感样病例（ILI）就诊比例、流感病毒阳性率、病原型别构成和暴发疫情特点，并使用χ2检验和Fisher确切概率法与2016年春季、2017年夏季流行期比较。结果 2017-2018年冬季ILI就诊比例平均水平为4.99%（157 235/3 149 656），超过既往5年同期水平。门诊ILI和住院严重急性呼吸道感染病例（SARI）中，流感病毒阳性率分别为28.33%（2 137/7 543）和14.93%（256/1 715），乙型Yamagata亚型分别占70.43%（1 505/2 137）和73.05%（187/256）。2017-2018年冬季流感暴发疫情257起，小学占82.49%（212/257）。冬、春季流感6~14岁儿童病例阳性率高于夏季（P<0.05）。夏季≥ 60岁老年人病例阳性率高于冬、春两季（P<0.05）。结论 广东省2017-2018年冬季流感流行主要由流感病毒乙型Yamagata亚型导致。针对流行季节多样性特点，广东省需要完善监测和提高流感疫苗接种率，以利于在不同季节流行有效防控。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Guangdong province, during the winter of 2017-2018, to provide evidence for response to the diversity of influenza, in different seasonal patterns. Methods Data on weekly influenza surveillance from January 2016 to April 2018, were collected in Guangdong. Information on patients with Influenza-like illness (ILI), on influenza virus positive rates and on outbreaks during the winter of 2017 to 2018, was analyzed and compared with those in spring of 2016 and summer of 2017. χ2 test and Fisher exact test were used. Results In the above said winter, the average percentage of visits for ILI in 28 hospitals where sentinel surveillance program had been set, was 4.99% (157 235/3 149 656), which was above the level of the same period in the previous five years. The positive rates of influenza virus among samples collected from ILI outpatients and hospitalized cases under severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) were 28.33% (2 137/7 543) and 14.93% (256/1 715), with the proportions of B (Yamagata) as 70.43% (1 505/2 137) and 73.05% (187/256) respectively. A total of 257 influenza outbreaks were reported in the winter period, with 82.49% (212/257) occurred in elementary schools. Cases aged 6-14 years occurred in winter and spring appeared of having higher positive rate than those seen in summer (P<0.05) whereas elderly cases aged 60 and above showed higher positive rate in summer than those in winter and spring two seasons (P<0.05). Conclusions Epidemiological characteristics of influenza appeared in Guangdong province, during the winter from 2017 to 2018, were correlated to Influenza B (Yamagata). Capacity on the implementation of surveillance programs and on the coverage of vaccination should be improved and increased in order to control influenza in different epidemic seasons, in Guangzhou. |
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