| 吕筠,李浩鑫,陈勇,王长军,李立明.应急医院的发展与应用[J].中华流行病学杂志,2020,41(8):1199-1203 |
| 应急医院的发展与应用 |
| Development and applications of makeshift emergency hospitals |
| 收稿日期:2020-04-03 出版日期:2020-08-25 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200403-00510 |
| 中文关键词: 应急医院 传染病疫情 灾难 准备 应对 |
| 英文关键词: Makeshift hospital Infectious disease outbreak Disaster Preparedness Response |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 应急医院是在战争、重大灾害或重大疫情发生时，现有医疗机构由于各种原因无法对患者实施及时有效的救治，或接诊能力难以满足激增的需求，通过改建或新建的具有接诊、实施救治、甚至隔离功能的医院。不同种类的应急医院在近现代不断发展完善，既有配备了先进装备的模块化、集装箱式的野战方舱医院、野战帐篷医院、医院船等野战医疗机构，也有基于已有公共场所建筑物改建或专门新建的应急医院。在全球各国多次灾情疫情防控救治中，应急医院发挥了至关重要的作用。本文就应急医院的历史、种类以及在不同灾情和疫情中的应用进行综述。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| When wars, major disasters, or epidemics of the infectious diseases occur, existing medical facilities are usually unable to implement timely and effective treatment for patients, or the reception capacity is difficult to meet the surge in demand for health care. The makeshift emergency hospitals are built for patient reception, treatment and even isolation for infectious disease control. The makeshift hospitals have developed and improved in modern times, including mobile field hospitals, field tent hospitals and navy hospital ships equipped with advanced equipment and commonly used for military purposes, or temporary hospitals built in large public buildings and newly built hospitals in support of disaster relief and humanitarian operation. Makeshift hospitals have played an important role in response to many disasters and epidemics globally. This paper briefly summarizes the history, types, and applications of makeshift hospitals in disasters and epidemic responses. |
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