| 蔡畅,汤后林,陈方方,李东民,吕繁.我国2010－2019年新报告青年学生HIV/AIDS基本特征及趋势分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2020,41(9):1455-1459 |
| 我国2010－2019年新报告青年学生HIV/AIDS基本特征及趋势分析 |
| Characteristics and trends of newly reported HIV infection in young students in China, 2010-2019 |
| 收稿日期:2020-04-17 出版日期:2020-09-18 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200417-00592 |
| 中文关键词: 艾滋病病毒/艾滋病 青年学生 特征 趋势 |
| 英文关键词: HIV/AIDS Young students Characteristics Trend |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析2010－2019年我国新报告青年学生HIV/AIDS的基本特征及变化趋势，为制定青年学生艾滋病防治措施提供参考依据。方法 资料来源于我国艾滋病防治基本信息系统2010－2019年新报告15~24岁青年学生HIV/AIDS。描述和分析不同年份和性别的青年学生HIV/AIDS分布特征，采用Joinpoint回归模型分析各年龄段报告率时间变化趋势。结果 新报告青年学生HIV/AIDS共23 307例，男女性别比为33.9：1（22 640：667），诊断时年龄（19.9±2.05）岁。新发现率变化趋势分2个阶段，2010－2015呈上升趋势，年度变化百分比（APC）为32.1；2015－2019年趋于平稳，APC=0.1，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。2010－2015年各年龄组新发现率均呈上升趋势，15~17岁组新发现率上升最快，APC=30.2；2015－2019年23~24岁组新发现率呈下降趋势，APC=-17.0，其他2组趋势无统计学意义（P≥0.05）。男性以同性性传播为主，女性以异性性传播为主，异性性传播的青年学生中，男、女性均以非婚非商业性行为为主；男性主要来源于自愿咨询检测点，女性主要来源于医疗机构；男性首次CD4+T淋巴细胞计数明显高于女性（t=3.917，P=0.000）。结论 2010－2019年我国新报告青年学生HIV/AIDS整体疫情上升趋势有所减缓，但15~17岁年龄组新发现率仍呈上升态势。应积极开展青年学生的性健康教育、减少不安全性行为和扩大检测。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the characteristics and trends of newly reported HIV infection cases in young students in China between 2010 and 2019 and provide evidence for the formulation of AIDS prevention and control measures in young students. Methods Data were collected from the Basic Web-based HIV/AIDS Case Reporting System. The HIV infection cases in students aged 15-24 years reported between 2010 and 2019 were selected. Their basic characteristics were described, and Joinpoint Regression Model was used to analyze the temporal trends of new diagnosis rates in different age groups. Results A total of 23 307 HIV/AIDS cases were reported in young students, the male to female ratio was 33.9：1 (22 640：667), and the mean age was (19.9±2.05) years. The temporal trends of new diagnosis rates showed two stages, it increased rapidly between 2010 and 2015 (annual percentage changes, APC=32.1), and kept stable between 2015 and 2019 (APC=0.1, P>0.05). The new diagnosis rates in all age groups showed increasing trends between 2010 and 2015, and the APC of age group 15-17 years was highest (30.2). Between 2015 and 2019, the new diagnosis rates in age group 23-24 years showed decreasing trend (APC=-17.0). The transmission route was mainly homosexual contact for males, and heterosexual contact for females. For most heterosexual transmission cases, they were infected through non-marital or non-commercial heterosexual contact. The male cases mainly came from HIV voluntary counseling and testing clinics, but the female cases were mainly found in hospitals. The male cases had higher mean first CD4+T cells counts (CD4) compared with female cases (t=3.917, P=0.000). Conclusions The overall increase trend of newly reported HIV infection in young students slowed slow down trend between 2010 and 2019, but the newly reported HIV infections in age group 15-17 years still showed an increase trend. It is necessary to carry out sex health education effectively in young students to reduce the high-risk sexual behavior and expand HIV test coverage in students. |
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