| 方绮雯,宫霄欢,肖文佳,金必红,俞晓,崔鹏,韩若冰,孔德川,吴寰宇,潘浩.上海市新型冠状病毒肺炎早期境外输入病例流行特征及防控措施分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2020,41(12):2034-2039 |
| 上海市新型冠状病毒肺炎早期境外输入病例流行特征及防控措施分析 |
| Epidemiological characteristics and measures of prevention and control of imported COVID-19 cases in early phase in Shanghai |
| 收稿日期:2020-04-13 出版日期:2020-12-25 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200413-00566 |
| 中文关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎 输入病例 防控 措施 |
| 英文关键词: COVID-19 Imported cases Prevention and control Measures |
| 基金项目:新型冠状病毒肺炎血清流行病学及感染传播风险研究（20JC1410200） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析上海市新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）早期境外输入病例流行特征及防控措施，为输入性疫情的防控工作提供参考依据。方法 资料来源于全国传染病报告信息管理系统截至2020年3月30日上海市COVID-19境外输入病例数据及上海市各级CDC流行病学调查报告，相关防控措施信息来源于政府相关部门官网及发布平台。采用EpiData 3.1、Excel 2019和SAS 9.4软件进行数据整理与统计学分析。结果 截至2020年3月30日，上海市累计报告境外输入病例171例（确诊病例170例，无症状感染者1例）。其中，中国籍122例（71.3%，122/171），外籍49例（28.7%，49/171）；年龄中位数为23（P25，P75：18，35）岁，男女性别比为1.3∶1，学生占56.6%（97/171）；入境前发病者占45.6%（78/171）；临床分型为轻/普通型病例占96.5%（165/171），中国籍和外籍病例的临床分型差异无统计学意义。流行曲线按确诊日期于3月24日达到峰值，随着防控措施“口岸联防联控机制闭环管理模式”落实，病例数逐渐下降。171例病例来源国主要为英国（37.3%，64例）、美国（18.6%，32例）、法国（11.0%，19例）和意大利（9.4%，16例）等24个国家及地区。需中转至国内21个省（自治区、直辖市）的病例占40.4%（69/171）。病例发现方式主要为海关检疫和社区留验点，分别占43.9%（75/171）和31.0%（53/171）。结论 上海市COVID-19早期境外输入病例以年轻人和学生为主，各国输入风险与其疫情严重程度基本一致。“口岸联防联控机制闭环管理模式”对境外输入病例的发现及管理效果明显。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases in early phase in Shanghai, introduce measures and provide reference for prevention and control of imported COVID-19 cases. Methods Data of imported COVID-19 cases in Shanghai reported as of 30 March, 2020 were obtained from National Notifiable Disease Report System of China CDC and field epidemiological investigation reports by CDCs in Shanghai. The information about measures of prevention and control was collected from official websites and platforms of the governments. Data cleaning and statistical analysis were performed with softwares of EpiData 3.1, Excel 2019 and SAS 9.4. Results A total of 171 imported COVID-19 cases had been reported as of 30 March, 2020 in Shanghai, including 170 confirmed cases and 1 asymptomatic infection case. Among them, cases of Chinese nationality accounted for 71.3% (122/171) and cases of foreign nationality accounted for 28.7% (49/171). The median age of the cases was 23 years (P25, P75:18, 35 years), and the male to female ratio of the cases was 1.3:1. Students accounted for 56.6% (97/171). About 45.6% (78/171) of the cases fell ill before arriving in Shanghai. The cases with mild or common clinical manifestation accounted for 96.5% (165/171) and no significant difference in clinical type was observed between overseas Chinese cases and foreign cases. The epidemic curve by diagnosis date reached peak on March 24, and the number of the cases gradually declined due to the closed-loop management process of joint port prevention and control mechanism. The 171 imported COVID-19 cases were mainly from 24 countries and regions, including the United Kingdom (64 cases, 37.3%), the United States (32 cases, 18.6%), France (19 cases, 11.0%) and Italy (16 cases, 9.4%). About 40.4% of the cases (69/171) planned to continue travelling to 21 other provinces and municipalities in China. Customs quarantine and community observation/detection points identified 43.9% (75/171) cases and 31.0% (53/171) cases, respectively. Conclusions The imported COVID-19 cases in early phase in Shanghai were mainly young population and students accounted for high proportion. The imported risk of COVID-19 was consistent with the severity of the epidemic in foreign countries. The closed-loop management model of the joint port prevention and control mechanism plays an important role in the identification and management of the imported COVID-19 cases. |
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