| 葛琳,李东民,汤后林,李培龙,吕繁.中国2015-2019年青年学生HIV、梅毒感染状况及性行为特征趋势分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2021,42(4):602-607 |
| 中国2015-2019年青年学生HIV、梅毒感染状况及性行为特征趋势分析 |
| Tends on HIV and syphilis prevalence and sexual behaviors among young students in China, 2015-2019 |
| 收稿日期:2020-11-05 出版日期:2021-04-22 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20201105-01308 |
| 中文关键词: 艾滋病病毒/艾滋病 梅毒 青年学生 感染 性行为 |
| 英文关键词: HIV/AIDS Syphilis Young student Infection Sex behavior |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析2015-2019年全国的青年学生哨点监测数据，以了解我国青年学生HIV、梅毒感染状况及性行为特征变化趋势，为下一步制定青年学生艾滋病防控措施提供参考依据。方法 2015-2019年在全国各省份选择大学、中、高等职业院校较为集中的城市开展连续横断面调查，在所选地区采用分阶段整群抽样（样本量800人），抽取青年学生开展匿名问卷调查和血样采集，收集调查对象社会人口学、性行为和血清学信息，分析其变化趋势和感染HIV、梅毒的影响因素。结果 2019年调查对象HIV抗体阳性率和梅毒抗体阳性率分别为0.03%（17/54 110）和0.08%（41/54 110），历年变化无线性趋势或弱相关；2019年曾经发生性行为比例为8.71%（4 731/54 339）、最近1年与固定性伴、临时性伴、商业性伴及同性性伴发生性行为的比例分别为3.96%（2 153/54 339）、1.81%（984/54 339）、0.19%（101/54 339）和0.19%（101/54 339），基本保持稳定；多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，男性、最近1年有同性性伴的青年学生更容易感染HIV；有同性且有多种异性性伴、外籍和少数民族的青年学生更容易感染梅毒（均P<0.05）。结论 2015-2019年我国青年学生HIV和梅毒抗体阳性率稳定在低水平，经性传播HIV和梅毒的风险仍持续存在。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the tends on HIV/syphilis prevalence and sexual behaviors using the HIV/AIDS sentinel surveillance data of young students in China from 2015 to 2019 and provide evidence for the formulation of HIV/AIDS prevention and control measures among young students. Methods From 2015 to 2019, a nationwide continuous cross-sectional survey was conducted in cities where colleges and technical schools were concentrated in each province. Multi-stage cluster sampling with the simple size 800, anonymous questionnaire, and blood sample collection were implemented to achieve general demographic information, sexual behavior, and serological information, analyze the trends and influence on HIV/syphilis infection and behaviors. Results During 2015-2019, there was no linear trend on the antibody-positive rate of HIV[2019, 0.03% (17/54 110)], and there was a weak correlation on the antibody-positive rate of syphilis[2019, 0.08%(41/54 110)]. In 2019, the proportion of the respondents ever had sex was 8.71%(4 731/54 339), of those having regular sex partner in the last year was 3.96% (2 153/54 339), of those having a temporary partner was 1.81%(984/54 339), of a commercial sex partner was 0.19% (101/54 339), and of homosexual partners was 0.19% (101/54 339), who they were all stable. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the young students who had male homosexual partners were most likely to be infected by HIV. The young students who had multiple sexual partners, including homosexual partners, were foreigners or minorities were most likely to be infected by syphilis (all P<0.05). Conclusions The antibody-positive rates of HIV and syphilis remained low and stable among young students from 2015 to 2019 in China. However, the risk of sexual transmission of HIV and syphilis still remains among young students. |
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