| 刘翰谕,魏霞,赵天朔,韩冰峰,刘贝,杨莉,崔富强.国内外儿童用联合疫苗免疫原性、安全性和社会价值[J].中华流行病学杂志,2021,42(5):948-954 |
| 国内外儿童用联合疫苗免疫原性、安全性和社会价值 |
| Review on immunogenicity, safety and social value of combined vaccines for children used both at home and abroad |
| 收稿日期:2020-10-21 出版日期:2021-05-27 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20201021-01258 |
| 中文关键词: 联合疫苗 儿童 免疫原性 安全性 价值 |
| 英文关键词: Combined vaccines Children Immunogenicity Safety Value |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 联合疫苗含有两种或多种抗原，研究认为接种联合疫苗后能预防多种疾病，同时可减少接种次数。本文对国内外儿童用联合疫苗，如无细胞百白破疫苗（DTaP）、麻疹-风疹-腮腺炎疫苗（MMR）等免疫原性和安全性进行综述，并从儿童家长、预防接种工作者和卫生服务方面进行社会价值探究，为我国推动联合疫苗研发和使用提供决策证据。研究发现，联合疫苗对儿童、家长、预防接种工作者和卫生服务方面均产生较好的收益，能够保证其良好的免疫原性和安全性，增强家长的接种便利和经济性，提高预防接种工作者的工作效率，同时能弥补新发疫情对免疫服务造成的影响，提高接种覆盖率和及时率，增加社会收益。目前我国联合疫苗的推广受到技术瓶颈多，人群接种认知水平低等限制。建议加强联合疫苗安全性、有效性和卫生经济学等方面研究，科学评估联合疫苗的价值；增强公众对联合疫苗的认知和信任度；促进多联多价疫苗研发应用；政府应完善法规协助联合疫苗发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Combined vaccines contain two or more antigens. Research suggested that combined vaccines could prevent multi diseases and reduce the frequency of vaccination. This article focus on combined vaccines for children used both at home and abroad, such as diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine (DTaP), measles-rubella-mumps vaccine (MMR), etc. and summarizes their immunogenicity, safety and social values, including benefits to families, vaccination workers and health services, to provide evidence for promoting the research, development and use of combined vaccines in China. We found that combined vaccines can not only ensure the immunogenicity and safety, but also give convenient and lower cost vaccination to families, and using combined vaccines can improve the work efficiency of vaccination workers, reduce the impact of the epidemic on immunization services and improve vaccination coverage and timeliness. At present, the promotion of combined vaccines in China is restricted by many technical bottlenecks, high prices, and low awareness among people. It is recommended that research on the safety, effectiveness and health economics of combined vaccines should be strengthened, and the value of combined vaccines should be scientifically evaluated; the public's awareness and trust in combined vaccines should be enhanced, as well as the development and application of multi-linked multivalent vaccines should be promoted. The government should improve regulations to assist the development and application of combined vaccines. |
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