| 辛鹏,江国虹,郑文龙,范莉莉,李昌昆,王德征.天津市吸烟成年人膳食平衡指数及与血尿酸关系的研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2021,42(6):1076-1079 |
| 天津市吸烟成年人膳食平衡指数及与血尿酸关系的研究 |
| Study on the diet balance index and its relationship with blood uric acid of smoking adults in Tianjin |
| 收稿日期:2020-08-06 出版日期:2021-06-29 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200806-01029 |
| 中文关键词: 吸烟成年人 膳食平衡指数 膳食摄入量 血尿酸 吸烟指数 |
| 英文关键词: Smoking adults Diet balance index Dietary intake Blood uric acid Smoking index |
| 基金项目:天津市卫生健康委员会科技项目-科技人才培育项目（KJ20185）；天津市卫生高层次人才选拔培养项目（2018） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 通过膳食平衡指数（DBI_16）评价天津市吸烟成年人膳食状况，并分析与血尿酸的关系。方法 在天津市共计调查1 478名成年人，使用3 d膳食回顾法和调味品称重法相结合获得膳食状况，并收集其空腹静脉血检测血尿酸。描述吸烟者与非吸烟者各类食物摄入状况及DBI_16评分，并分析吸烟、膳食质量距（DQD-DBI）与血尿酸的关系。结果 天津市吸烟者蔬菜、水果、奶类摄入量均低于不吸烟者，烹调盐、烹调油、谷类、鱼虾类均高于不吸烟者；天津市吸烟者蔬菜水果、食物种类、奶豆类DBI_16评分低于不吸烟者，纯能量食物及调味品评分高于不吸烟者；天津市吸烟者DQD-DBI、正端分、负端分中位数分别为42.0、14.0、29.0，均高于不吸烟者，主要问题是中度摄入不足（67.0%）、低度摄入过量（70.9%）、中度摄入不均衡（67.2%）；吸烟者血尿酸高于不吸烟者，在DQD-DBI“非适宜”情况下，吸烟者血尿酸亦高于不吸烟者。结论 天津市吸烟成年人膳食不均衡情况比不吸烟者更显著，且血尿酸明显高于不吸烟者，应有针对性地加强对吸烟人群的膳食营养宣传教育与干预。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective Diet balance index (DBI_16) was used to evaluate the dietary status of smoking adults in Tianjin, and the relationship between DBI_16 and serum uric acid was analyzed.Methods A total of 1 478 inhabitants aged 18 and above were enrolled. The dietary status was obtained with a 3-day dietary recall and condiment weighing method. And their fasting venous blood was collected to detect uric acid. Food intake and DBI_16 scores of smokers and non-smokers were described, and the relationship among smoking, diet quality distance (DQD-DBI), and serum uric acid was analyzed. Results The intake of vegetables, fruits, and milk of smokers in Tianjin was lower than while the salt, oil, cereals, and aquatic products were higher than that of non-smokers. The DBI_16 scores of vegetables and fruits, food types, milk, and beans of smokers were lower than those of non-smokers in Tianjin, and the scores of pure energy foods and condiments were higher than those of the non-smokers. The DQD-DBI, high bound score and low bound score of smokers in Tianjin were 42.0, 14.0, and 29.0 respectively, which were all higher than those of non-smokers. The main problems appeared as moderately inadequate intake (accounting for 67.0%), low, excessive intake (accounting for 70.9%), and moderate imbalance of intake (accounting for 67.2%). The serum uric acid of smokers was higher than in the non-smokers, and there the same result appeared under the conditions of "not suitable" in DQD-DBI. Conclusions In Tianjin, the dietary imbalance was more evident in smokers than the non-smokers, and the serum uric acid was significantly higher than the non-smokers. Strategies as strengthening the nutrition education and intervention targeted for smokers were in urgent need. |
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