| 董帅兵,王小莉,赵好,王宇,刘白薇,刘永红,潘阳,贾蕾,王全意,杨鹏.北京市境外输入性新型冠状病毒感染者的流行特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2022,43(4):478-482 |
| 北京市境外输入性新型冠状病毒感染者的流行特征分析 |
| Epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases in Beijing |
| 收稿日期:2021-12-13 出版日期:2022-04-16 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20211213-00975 |
| 中文关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎|境外输入病例|流行特征 |
| 英文关键词: COVID-19|Imported case|Epidemiological characteristics |
| 基金项目:北京市自然科学基金-海淀原始创新联合基金（L212056） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 董帅兵 | 北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所, 北京 100013 | | | 王小莉 | 北京市疾病预防控制中心全球健康中心办公室, 北京 100013 | | | 赵好 | 北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所, 北京 100013 | | | 王宇 | 北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所, 北京 100013 | | | 刘白薇 | 北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所, 北京 100013 | | | 刘永红 | 北京市疾病预防控制中心全球健康中心办公室, 北京 100013 | | | 潘阳 | 北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所, 北京 100013 | | | 贾蕾 | 北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所, 北京 100013 | | | 王全意 | 北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所, 北京 100013 | | | 杨鹏 | 北京市疾病预防控制中心全球健康中心办公室, 北京 100013 | yangpengcdc@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析北京市境外输入性新型冠状病毒（新冠病毒）感染者的流行病学特征及疫苗接种对感染者病毒载量和疾病严重程度的影响。方法 数据来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息管理系统和现场流行病学调查，应用Excel 2010和SPSS 22.0软件进行数据整理和统计学分析。结果 2021年6月1日至9月30日，北京市累计报告171例境外输入性新冠病毒感染者，无症状感染者占66.67%（114/171）。输入国以菲律宾、阿联酋、英国和俄罗斯为主，占67.84%（116/171）。感染者男女性别比为2：1（114：57）；年龄M（Q1，Q3）为28（23，36）岁；中国籍占80.12%（137/171）。对其中47例进行病毒全基因组测序，76.60%（36/47）属于Delta变异株。疫苗接种率为60.82%（104/171），其中疫苗全程接种率为53.80%（92/171）。13.53%（23/170）的感染者入境当天筛查出核酸阳性，所有感染者均在28 d内检测出核酸阳性。未接种组疾病严重程度高于未全程接种组和全程接种组（P<0.001），出现了1例重型和1例危重型病例。未接种组N基因Ct值M（Q1，Q3）为32.51（23.23，36.06），开放读码框lab（ORFlab）基因Ct值为32.78（24.00，36.38），未全程接种组和全程接种组双基因Ct值中位数较未接种组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 研究期间，北京市境外输入性新冠病毒感染者以无症状感染者为主。新冠病毒感染者无论是否接种新冠病毒疫苗，其体内均有相似的病毒载量，但疫苗接种可降低疾病严重程度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases and the effect of vaccination on virus load and disease severity of the cases in Beijing. Methods The data of the imported COVID-19 cases in Beijing were collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System of China Information for Disease Control and Prevention and Epidemiology investigation. The data were processed and analyzed by Excel 2010 and SPSS 22.0. Results From June 1 to September 30, 2021, a total of 171 imported COVID-19 cases were reported in Beijing, of which 66.67% (114/171) were asymptomatic. The cases were mainly from the Philippines, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom and the Russian Federation, accounting for 67.84% (116/171). The male to female ratio of the cases was 2:1 (114:57). The median age M (Q1, Q3) of the cases was 28 (23, 36) years. The cases of Chinese accounted for 80.12% (137/171). The sequencing of the whole genome of the virus in 47 imported COVID-19 cases showed that the proportion of Delta variant was 76.60% (36/47). The COVID-19 vaccination coverage rate in the cases was 60.82% (104/171), but the full vaccination coverage rate was 53.80% (92/171). In the imported COVID-19 cases, 13.53% (23/170) were screened to be SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positive on the day when they arrived in Beijing, and all the cases were positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid within 28 days. The severity of the disease was higher in the unvaccinated group than in the partially vaccinated group and fully vaccinated group (P<0.001). In the unvaccinated group, there were 1 severe case and 1 critical case. The median Ct values M (Q1,Q3) of N gene and ORFlab gene in unvaccinated group were 32.51 (23.23, 36.06) and 32.78 (24.00, 36.38), respectively. There was no significant difference in the median of double-gene Ct value between the partially vaccinated group and the fully vaccinated group. Conclusions During the study period, most of the imported COVID-19 cases in Beijing were asymptomatic. No matter vaccinated or not, the viral loads in the COVID-19 cases were similar, but the vaccination could reduce the severity of the disease. |
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