| 张宇姝,张梅,黄正京,李纯,赵振平,张笑,姜博,高星星,于宁,宋子伟,王丽敏.2018年中国成年居民血压检测情况分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2022,43(8):1189-1195 |
| 2018年中国成年居民血压检测情况分析 |
| Analysis of blood pressure measurement among Chinese adults in 2018 |
| 收稿日期:2021-10-17 出版日期:2022-08-13 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20211017-00802 |
| 中文关键词: 血压 检测 成年人 |
| 英文关键词: Blood pressure Measurement Adult |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1311706） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张宇姝 | 中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室, 北京 100050
中国医科大学公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室, 沈阳 110122 | | | 张梅 | 中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室, 北京 100050 | | | 黄正京 | 中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室, 北京 100050 | | | 李纯 | 中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室, 北京 100050 | | | 赵振平 | 中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室, 北京 100050 | | | 张笑 | 中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室, 北京 100050 | | | 姜博 | 中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室, 北京 100050 | | | 高星星 | 中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室, 北京 100050
包头医学院公共卫生学院, 包头 014040 | | | 于宁 | 中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室, 北京 100050 | | | 宋子伟 | 中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室, 北京 100050 | | | 王丽敏 | 中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室, 北京 100050
中国医科大学公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室, 沈阳 110122 | wanglimin@ncncd.chinacdc.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析2018年我国成年居民血压检测情况，为高血压早期发现和干预提供科学依据。方法 2018年中国慢性病及危险因素监测在全国31个省（自治区、直辖市）的298个县（区），采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法对≥18岁常住居民进行调查，有效样本量为184 509名，以面对面问卷调查和身体测量方法收集调查对象的人口学资料、主要慢性病与血压检测情况等信息，血糖和血脂相关指标由实验室检测获得。本研究剔除关键变量的异常和缺失数据后，共纳入170 551名成年居民作为研究对象。经复杂加权后分析不同血压水平和患其他疾病人群的血压检测率和检测时间分布情况。采用SAS 9.4软件进行χ2检验和趋势性检验。结果 我国成年居民中，正常血压人群、正常高值血压人群和新检出高血压的人群3个月内检测过血压的比例分别为44.4%、50.4%和52.6%，均为女性高于男性（均P<0.05），城市高于农村（均P<0.05），且随年龄增长呈上升趋势（均P<0.001）；3个人群中从未测过血压的比例分别为27.6%、24.2%、23.5%。已诊断高血压人群在7 d内检测过血压的比例为44.0%，城市为51.4%，高于农村的37.7%（P<0.001），检测过血压的比例随文化程度、人均年收入和BMI增长而上升（均P<0.001）。结论 我国成年居民定期自我检测血压的行为还有待提高，尤其是男性和农村地区。应加强相关健康宣传教育，制定更有针对性的政策和措施，重点提高正常高值血压人群和其他高危人群的血压检测行为，有效预防和控制血压升高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the blood pressure measurement of Chinese adult residents in 2018 and provide a scientific basis for early detection and intervention of hypertension. Methods In 2018, China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance were conducted in 298 counties (districts) of 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) across the country, using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method to survey permanent residents aged 18 years and above. We selected 184 509 people and carried out a face-to-face questionnaire survey and body measurement method to collect demographic data, major chronic diseases, and blood pressure measurement information of the survey subjects. Blood glucose and blood lipid-related indicators were obtained by laboratory testing. There were 170 551 adult residents included in the study after excluding abnormal and missing data for key variables. After complex weighting, blood pressure detection rates and detection times in people with different blood pressure levels and other diseases were analyzed. SAS 9.4 software was used to perform the χ2-test and trend test. Results Among adult residents in China, the proportions of those with normal blood pressure, commonly recognized 'high' blood pressure, and newly detected hypertension who had their blood pressure tested within three months were 44.4%, 50.4%, and 52.6%, respectively. The proportions all appeared higher in women than in men (all P<0.05), in urban than in rural areas (all P<0.05), and showed an increasing trend with age (all P<0.001); The proportion of these three populations who had never had their blood pressure measured was 27.6%, 24.2%, and 23.5% respectively. The proportion of people with diagnosed hypertension who had their blood pressure tested within seven days was 44.0%, 51.4% in urban areas, higher than 37.7% in rural areas (P<0.001), and the proportion of people who had their blood pressure tested increased with education, per capita annual income and BMI (all P<0.001).Conclusions The behavior of regular self-monitoring of blood pressure among adult residents in China still needs to be improved, especially among men and rural areas. Relevant health promotion and education should be strengthened. More targeted policies and measures should be developed to improve blood pressure measurement behavior in people with normal high blood pressure and other high-risk groups to control elevated blood pressure effectively. |
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