文章摘要
孙亚敏,刘锋,蔡伟,金丽娜,郭黎,蔡润,史如晶,刘方遥,江初,富继业,潘阳,窦相峰,吴双胜.北京市一起新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株聚集性疫情特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2022,43(12):1881-1886
北京市一起新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株聚集性疫情特征分析
Epidemiological characteristics of an epidemic of 2019-nCoV Omicron variant infection in Beijing
收稿日期:2022-09-01  出版日期:2022-12-17
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220901-00753
中文关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎  Omicron变异株  聚集性疫情  续发率
英文关键词: COVID-19  Omicron variant  Cluster epidemic  Secondary attack rate
基金项目:北京市科技计划(Z211100000221019);首都卫生发展科研专项(2022-1G-3014);高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目(2022-01-004);北京市优秀人才培养资助项目(2018000021469G297)
作者单位E-mail
孙亚敏 北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制科, 北京 100094  
刘锋 北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制科, 北京 100094  
蔡伟 北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制科, 北京 100094  
金丽娜 北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制科, 北京 100094  
郭黎 北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制科, 北京 100094  
蔡润 北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心计划免疫科, 北京 100094  
史如晶 北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心计划免疫科, 北京 100094  
刘方遥 北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科, 北京 100094  
江初 北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心办公室, 北京 100094  
富继业 北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心业务办公室, 北京 100094  
潘阳 北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所, 北京 100013  
窦相峰 北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所, 北京 100013  
吴双胜 北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所, 北京 100013 wushuangsheng0606@126.com 
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中文摘要:
      目的 分析北京市海淀区一起新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情流行病学特征及传播链。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法分析疫情流行病学特征,应用现场调查和大数据技术分析传播链。结果 2022年4月27日至5月13日, 海淀区发生一起新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情,全基因组测序系Omicron变异株(BA.2.2进化分支);涉及感染者38例,确诊病例34例,无症状感染者4例;临床分型以轻型(88.2%)为主,无重型、危重型和死亡病例;早期临床症状以咽部不适(50.0%)、咳嗽(29.4%)为主;17 d内传播7代,涉及3起社区聚集、2起单位聚集和8个家庭内传播;暴露方式以同住(47.6%)、同时空暴露(31.6%)为主;代间距MQ1,Q3)为3(1,6)d;总续发率为1.5%(37/2 482),其中家庭续发率为36.7%(18/49)。结论 本起Omicron变异株疫情临床症状轻,家庭、社区聚集性明显,疫情传播速度较快,同时空暴露感染风险较高,需利用信息化技术全面摸排密切接触者,以快制快,有效阻断疫情传播。
英文摘要:
      Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and transmission chain of an epidemic of COVID-19 in Haidian district, Beijing. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the epidemic, and field investigation and big data technology were used to analyze the transmission chain of the epidemic.Results From April 27 to May 13, 2022, an epidemic of COVID-19 occurred in Haidian district. The strains isolated from the cases were identified by whole genome sequencing as Omicron variant (BA.2.2 evolutionary branch). A total of 38 infection cases were detected, including 34 confirmed cases and 4 asymptomatic cases. Most cases were mild ones (88.2%), no severe, critical or death cases occurred. The early clinical symptoms were mainly sore throat (50.0%) and cough (29.4%). The epidemic lasted for 17 days, resulting in 7 generations of the cases and involving 3 community transmissions, 2 working place transmissions and 8 family transmissions; the main infection routes were co-residence (47.6%) and co-space exposure (31.6%). The intergenerational interval M(Q1, Q3)was 3 (1, 6) days. The overall secondary attack rate was 1.5% (37/2 482), and the family secondary attack rate was 36.7% (18/49). Conclusions The cases in this COVID-19 epidemic caused by Omicron variant had mild clinical symptoms, but the case clustering in families and communities was obvious, the transmission was rapid, and the risk for co-space exposure was high. It is necessary to use information technology to identify close contacts in the local population for the rapid and effective blocking of the epidemic spread.
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