| 李丹丹,李威,沈文达,解美秋,郑文龙.《天津市控制吸烟条例》实施十周年控烟监测结果分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2023,44(2):297-301 |
| 《天津市控制吸烟条例》实施十周年控烟监测结果分析 |
| Analysis on tobacco control surveillance results, 10 year implementation of Tobacco Control Regulations in Tianjin |
| 收稿日期:2022-04-06 出版日期:2023-02-15 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220406-00262 |
| 中文关键词: 无烟政策 烟草控制 二手烟 |
| 英文关键词: Smoke free policy Tobacco control Passive smoking |
| 基金项目:天津市医学重点学科（专科）建设项目（TJYXZDXK-051A） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 评估《天津市控制吸烟条例》实施10周年后各类公共场所的实施效果，调查人群的烟草暴露和危害认知情况，为控烟政策和措施的落实提供依据。方法 数据源于2012和2021年天津市控烟调查。调查采用现场观察法记录天津市各类公共场所内各项控烟措施的落实情况，并采用拦截面对面调查方式收集天津市≥15岁常住居民二手烟暴露和烟草相关知识数据。结果 2012-2021年天津市医疗卫生机构禁烟标志张贴率处于较高水平（100.0%），教育机构、政府办公机构上升至100.0%，出租车下降幅度较大。医疗卫生机构、公共交通等候场所、互联网上网服务营业场所、公交车的控烟宣传资料摆放率下降，其他场所均上升。除出租车外，其他调查场所在观察期间发现有人吸烟的现象均下降。非吸烟人群公共场所和工作场所的二手烟暴露率从43.2%下降至26.6%。公众对吸烟导致中风的知晓率上升11.3%、导致心脏病、肺癌的知晓率分别下降7.7%和7.2%；二手烟导致成年人心脏病、儿童肺部疾病、成年人肺癌的知晓率分别下降21.8%、22.1%、9.1%。结论 《天津市控制吸烟条例》实施以来，二手烟暴露情况得到改善，但禁烟场所的环境布置尤其是烟草危害宣传有待进一步提高，提示相关部门应加强控烟宣传与监督执法，共创无烟环境。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To evaluate the effect of tobacco control in different public places after 10 year implementation of Tobacco Control Regulations in Tianjin, investigate the tobacco exposure and tobacco hazard awareness of local population, and provide evidence for the implementation of tobacco control policies and measures. Methods Data were collected in the tobacco control surveys in Tianjin in 2012 and 2021. On-site observation was used to evaluate the implementation of tobacco control measures in different public places in Tianjin, and face-to-face interview was used to collect the information about passive smoking exposure and tobacco-related knowledge awareness of local residents aged ≥ 15 years in Tianjin. Results From 2012 to 2021, the posting rate of smoking free signs in medical institutions was high (100.0%), the posting rate in schools, government offices increased to 100.0%, but posting rate in taxis decreased obviously. The placing rate of tobacco control materials in medical institutions, public transportation waiting places and internet cafes decreased, while the placing rate in other places increased. Except for taxis, the places where people were found to be smoking decreased. The passive smoking exposure in public places and workplaces decreased from 43.2% to 26.6%. The public awareness that smoking can cause stroke increased by 11.3%, but the public awareness rate of smoking causing heart disease decreased and lung cancer by 7.7% and 7.2% respectively. The awareness rate of passive smoking causing heart disease in adults, lung disease in children and lung cancer in adults decreased by 21.8%, 22.1% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusion Since the implementation of the Tobacco Control Regulation in Tianjin, the passive smoking exposures have been reduced, but the environment layout of smoking free places, especially the health education about tobacco hazards, needs to be further improved. It is suggested to strengthen the promotion and supervision of tobacco control to create a smoke free environment. |
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