| 程思,高璐,司爽,王扬,宋婷,郝肖阳,李琳.天津市居民腹泻症状发生情况及腹泻疫苗接种意愿调查[J].中华流行病学杂志,2024,45(12):1666-1671 |
| 天津市居民腹泻症状发生情况及腹泻疫苗接种意愿调查 |
| Survey on diarrhea symptoms and diarrhea vaccination willingness of residents in Tianjin |
| 收稿日期:2024-05-31 出版日期:2024-12-16 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240531-00319 |
| 中文关键词: 腹泻症状 疫苗 接种意愿 相关因素 |
| 英文关键词: Diarrhea symptoms Vaccine Willingness to vaccinate Related factors |
| 基金项目:天津市医学重点学科(TJYXZDXK-050A);国家疾病预防控制局公共卫生人才培养支持项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解天津市居民腹泻症状发生情况及疫苗接种意愿，为感染性腹泻的健康教育和防控提供参考依据。方法 采用横断面研究设计，于2023年9-12月通过多阶段分层整群抽样方法，选取天津市南开区、北辰区、宝坻区和滨海新区的部分居民作为调查对象，开展问卷调查收集社会人口学特征、发生腹泻症状和疫苗接种意愿情况等信息。根据公式n=［u2απ（1-π）］/δ2估算样本量为3 458人。采用logistic回归模型分析调查对象腹泻疫苗接种意愿的相关因素。采用SPSS 24.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 调查对象共3 808人，男女性别比为1∶1.11（1 806∶2 002），年龄（42.48±21.59）岁、初中及以下文化程度占50.84%（1 936/3 808）。腹泻症状发生率为18.28%（696/3 808），腹泻疫苗接种愿意的比例为48.84%（1 860/3 808）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，15~和≥60岁年龄组（aOR=2.31，95%CI：1.80~2.96；aOR=1.66，95%CI：1.38~2.00）、居住地区在天津市滨海新区（aOR=2.09，95%CI：1.62~2.71）、知晓社区卫生服务中心可接种疫苗者（aOR=1.61，95%CI：1.34~1.92）、住址距离社区卫生服务中心的步行时间≤15 min（aOR=1.54，95%CI：1.28~1.85）、平时经常外出和出境（aOR=1.36，95%CI：1.07~1.73）、出境时会主动获取相关的保健信息者（aOR=1.69，95%CI：1.43~1.98）更愿意接种腹泻疫苗。结论 天津市居民的腹泻症状发生率略高，但对腹泻疫苗接种意愿较低，平时经常外出者和出境者更愿意接种腹泻疫苗。建议利用网络平台，在社区居民中开展腹泻疫苗的科普宣传及健康教育。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the symptoms of diarrhea of residents in Tianjin and their willingness to vaccinate, to provide reference for health education, prevention and control of infectious diarrhea. Methods Cross-sectional study design was adopted. From September to December 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among some residents as subjects in Nankai District, Beichen District, Baodi District and Binhai Area of Tianjin by multistage stratified cluster random sampling, to collect information such as sociodemographic characteristics, diarrhea symptoms and vaccination intention. According to the formula n=［u2απ（1-π）］/δ2, the estimated sample size was 3 458 cases. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors related to the willingness of the respondents to receive diarrhea vaccination. The software SPSS 24.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 3 808 subjects were investigated, with the male-to-female ratio as 1∶1.11 (1 806∶2 002), the age was (42.48±21.59) years old, and the education level of middle school or below accounted for 50.84% (1 936/3 808). The incidence rate of diarrhea was 18.28% (696/3 808), and 48.84% (1 860/3 808) were willing to be vaccinated with diarrhea vaccine. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age was 15-59 years old and ≥60 years old (aOR=2.31, 95%CI:1.80-2.96; aOR=1.66, 95%CI:1.38-2.00), lived in Binhai Area (aOR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.62-2.71), and those who knew that community health service centers can provide the vaccination (aOR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.34-1.92), those who walked from the address to the community health service center were less than 15 minutes (aOR=1.54, 95%CI: 1.28-1.85), those who often travel or on business (aOR=1.36, 95%CI: 1.07-1.73), and those who actively obtained health care information related to diarrhea prevention when going abroad (aOR=1.69, 95%CI: 1.43-1.98) were more willing to be vaccinated against diarrhea. Conclusions The incidence of diarrhea symptoms of residents was slightly higher in Tianjin, but they were less willing to be vaccinated against diarrhea. People who often go outside and go abroad were more willing to be vaccinated against diarrhea. It is suggested that the popular science propaganda and health education of diarrhea vaccine should be effectively carried out by using network platform in community. |
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