| 中华预防医学会狂犬病预防控制工作委员会,中国医学救援协会动物伤害救治分会,北京整合医学会动物致伤与急性传染病防治分会,王传林,刘斯.儿童狂犬病暴露后预防专家共识（2025年版）[J].中华流行病学杂志,2026,47(3):381-392 |
| 儿童狂犬病暴露后预防专家共识（2025年版） |
| Expert consensus on rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in children (2025 edition) |
| 收稿日期:2026-01-08 出版日期:2026-03-19 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20260108-00025 |
| 中文关键词: 儿童|狂犬病|暴露后预防|疫苗|被动免疫制剂 |
| 英文关键词: Children|Rabies|Post-exposure prophylaxis|Vaccine|Passive immunizing agents |
| 基金项目:中央高水平医院临床科研项目（北京大学第一医院青年临床研究专项）（2025YC22）；北京市自然科学基金（L252070） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 儿童属于狂犬病暴露的高风险人群。由于儿童的生理、心理特点以及自我防护能力较弱等原因，易出现头面部或全身多处严重咬伤，发病风险较高。而且儿童狂犬病暴露后预防在伤口处置、狂犬病疫苗和被动免疫制剂应用等方面存在自身特点。为应对当前我国儿童狂犬病暴露后预防实践中存在的认知不统一、处置欠规范等问题，中华预防医学会狂犬病预防控制工作委员会、中国医学救援协会动物伤害救治分会、北京整合医学会动物致伤与急性传染病防治分会组织国内相关领域专家，在全面检索和评价国内外最新研究证据的基础上，参考相关规范与指南，结合我国儿童狂犬病暴露后预防的临床经验制定本共识，以期全面提升我国儿童狂犬病暴露后预防的处置水平。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Children constitute a high-risk population for rabies exposure due to their physiological and psychological characteristics and limited self-protection abilities, making them particularly vulnerable to severe bites on the head, face, or multiple body parts, which significantly increases the risk of disease onset. Furthermore, rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in children exhibits distinct features in wound management, rabies vaccination, and the use of passive immunizing agents. To address the current challenges of inconsistent awareness and suboptimal practices in rabies exposure prevention for children in China, the Rabies Prevention and Control Committee of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, the Branch of Animal Injury Treatment, China Association for Disaster and Emergency Rescue Medicine, the Branch of Animal Injury and Prevention & Treatment of Acute Infectious Diseases, Beijing Association of Holistic Integrative Medicine have developed this consensus. Based on a comprehensive review and evaluation of the latest domestic and international research evidence, as well as relevant standards and guidelines, this consensus integrates clinical practice characteristics specific to rabies exposure prevention in Chinese children, aiming to systematically improve the standardization and quality of rabies exposure prevention management nationwide. |
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