| 吴旦,赵静,蒋靖怡,韩长磊,胡飞飞,姚昉,王秋伟,张涛,赵根明,吕旭峰,唐宏兵,王凤鸣.江苏省常州市5岁以下住院儿童流感病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒流行特征及呼吸道感染严重程度比较[J].中华流行病学杂志,2026,47(3):488-494 |
| 江苏省常州市5岁以下住院儿童流感病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒流行特征及呼吸道感染严重程度比较 |
| Comparison of epidemiological characteristics and severity of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized children under 5 years old in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province |
| 收稿日期:2025-06-04 出版日期:2026-03-19 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20250604-00370 |
| 中文关键词: 呼吸道合胞病毒|流感病毒|急性呼吸道感染|儿童 |
| 英文关键词: Respiratory syncytial virus|Influenza virus|Acute respiratory infection|Children |
| 基金项目:常州市科技计划应用基础研究专项（CJ20245050）；常州市卫生健康委重大科技项目（ZD202350）；南京医科大学常州市公共卫生高等研究院开放课题重点项目（CPHM202401）；常州市“龙城医星”卫生青年科技人才托举工程（lcyx2025002） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 吴旦 | 常州市疾病预防控制中心, 常州 213022 | | | 赵静 | 常州市儿童医院, 常州 213018 | | | 蒋靖怡 | 常州市疾病预防控制中心, 常州 213022 | | | 韩长磊 | 常州市疾病预防控制中心, 常州 213022 | | | 胡飞飞 | 常州市疾病预防控制中心, 常州 213022 | | | 姚昉 | 常州市疾病预防控制中心, 常州 213022 | | | 王秋伟 | 常州市儿童医院, 常州 213018 | | | 张涛 | 复旦大学公共卫生学院, 上海 200032 | | | 赵根明 | 复旦大学公共卫生学院, 上海 200032 | | | 吕旭峰 | 常州市疾病预防控制中心, 常州 213022 | | | 唐宏兵 | 常州市疾病预防控制中心, 常州 213022 | | | 王凤鸣 | 常州市疾病预防控制中心, 常州 213022 | wfm0519@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解江苏省常州市<5岁住院儿童流感病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染的临床和流行病学特征，对比2种病原体呼吸道感染严重程度。方法 收集2024年1月至2025年1月常州市儿童医院<5岁因急性呼吸道感染住院儿童，对纳入病例进行信息收集和采样，采用荧光定量PCR开展多病原检测。采用χ2检验比较流感病毒和RSV感染儿童社会人口学特征以及临床特征，采用多因素logistic回归模型分析严重急性呼吸道感染（SARI）及重症呼吸道感染与流感病毒和RSV关联程度。结果 共纳入病例1 946例，流感病毒感染147例（7.6%），RSV感染371例（19.1%），<1岁的RSV感染比例（28.2%）显著高于流感病毒（7.5%）。流感病毒和RSV感染均为冬春季高发，RSV波动幅度更大。与流感病毒感染相比，RSV感染儿童出现喘息/哮喘、喂养困难的比例较高，发热、流涕的出现比例更低，差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。调整年龄后，多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，相较于流感病毒，<1岁年龄组中，RSV会增加重症呼吸道感染（aOR=2.7，95%CI：1.2~7.4）以及SARI（aOR=2.7，95%CI：1.1~8.2）风险；1~4岁年龄组中，RSV感染增加儿童重症呼吸道感染风险（aOR=2.9，95%CI：1.3~7.0）。结论 <5岁儿童RSV有关呼吸道感染严重程度高于流感病毒，<1岁儿童作为RSV感染的高危人群，需进一步加强病原学监测，降低重症发生风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in hospitalized children aged <5 years in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, and compare their severity. Methods Children aged <5 years and hospitalized for acute respiratory infections in Changzhou Children's Hospital from January 2024 to January 2025 were included, the information collection was conducted, multi-pathogen testing was carried out by fluorescent quantitative PCR, and χ2 test was used to compare the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of children infected with influenza virus and RSV. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was then used to evaluate the association of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and severe respiratory infection with influenza virus and RSV. Results A total of 1 946 cases were included, with 147 cases (7.6%) being infected with influenza virus and 371 cases(19.1%) being infected with RSV. The RSV infection rate (28.2%) was significantly higher than that of influenza virus infection (7.5%) in the children under 1 year old. Both influenza virus and RSV infection mainly occurred in winter and spring, with the incidence of RSV infection exhibiting greater fluctuation. Compared with influenza virus infection, children with RSV infection exhibited significantly higher proportions of wheezing and asthma, as well as difficulty of feeding, however, fever and rhinorrhoea occurred less frequently, the differences were significant (all P<0.05). After adjusting for age, multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that RSV infection had higher risk for severe respiratory symptoms (aOR=2.7, 95%CI: 1.2-7.4) and SARI (aOR=2.7, 95%CI: 1.1-8.2)in age group <1 year. Furthermore, children infected with RSV were at a higher risk for severe respiratory infection in age group 1-4 years (aOR =2.9, 95%CI: 1.3-7.0). Conclusions RSV-related respiratory infection was more severe than influenza virus infection in children under 5 years old. Children under 1 year old are at high risk for RSV infection, and further etiological surveillance is needed to reduce the risk for serious illness. |
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