| 马菲,曲成毅,王婷,银炯,张晓东,盂珺,张彩萍.太原市社区老年人听力损失影响因素研究[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2009,30(3):247-251 |
| 太原市社区老年人听力损失影响因素研究 |
| Study on hearing impairment among elderly population in the community of Taiyuan city, Shanxi province |
| Received:August 26, 2008 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2009.03.011 |
| KeyWord: 听力损失 危险因素 社区老年人 |
| English Key Word: Hearing impairment Risk factor Aged people in the community? |
| FundProject:国家自然科学基金资助项日(30571611) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | MA Fei | Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China | | | QU Cheng-yi | Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China | quc-y@public.ty.sx.cn | | WANG Ting | Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China | | | YIN Jiong | Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China | | | ZHANG Xiao-dong | Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China | | | MENG Jun | Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China | | | ZHANG Cai-ping | Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| 目的 了解太原市社区老年人听力损失人群分布特征, 分析听力损失影响冈素. 方法 采用多级抽样方法, 在太原市官地、朝阳两社区选取60岁以上社区老年人384名, 进行听力损失的一般问卷调查. 采集5 ml晨起空腹血进行血糖、甘油三酯和胆固醇检测. 采用GVSLN-TC-GK2000型听觉评估仪分别测两耳0. 5、1、2、3、4、8 kHz听阈, 取听力较好耳平均听阈(0. 5、1、2 kHz听阈平均值), 3、4、8 kHz听阈作为应变量;社会人口学资料、环境因素、生化指标为自变量, 采用SPSS 13. 0软件进行t检验、方差分析及累加logistic回归进行听力损失影响因素分析. 结果 老年人听力损失90. 9%, 听力残疾为78. 6%, 其中1. 3%配带助听器. 单因素分析结果显示:平均听阈及3、4、8 kHz听阈值在不同年龄、性别、文化程度、血糖、胆周醇组间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0. 01). 累加logistic回归显示:除血糖仅纳人中低频组外, 年龄、性别、文化程度、胆同醇均纳入各频段构建累加logistic回归模型. 老年男性、高龄、高血糖、高胆固醇是听力损失危险因素, 高文化程度是保护因素. 结论 听力损失在老年人群具有较高发生率. 年龄、性别、文化程度、血糖、胆同醇与听力损失存在关联, 预防高血糖、高血脂的发生对延缓听力损失有益. |
| English Abstract: |
| Objective To study the characteristics and influencing factors on hearing impairment among elderly population in the community of Taiyuan city. Methods 384 ageing people above 60 years old were selected from Chaoyang and Guandi community in Taiyuan city by multi-stage sampling. Data on influencing factors of hearing impairment were collected by questionnaire. 5 ml fasting blood samples were drawn to detect the level of glucose, triglyceride and cholesterin in the blood samples. All the objects were tested with binaural hearing. The level of binaural hearing threshold at 0. 5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 3 kHz, 4 kHz, 8 kHz were measured by GVSLN-TC-GK2000 hearing-assistant evaluative apparatus. The level of 3 kHz, 4 kHz, average hearing threshold from ear with better audition was chosen as dependent variable. Socio-demographic data, environmental factors and biochemical indicator were chosen as independent variables, t test, ANOVA and accumulative logistic regression were performed to analyze the influencing factors on hearing impairment by software SPSS 13. 0. Results The prevalence of hearing impairment among elderly population was 90. 9%. The hearing disorder was 78. 6% with 1. 3% of them using hearing-assistant apparatus. Results from single factor analysis showed that the average levels of 3 kHz, 4 kHz, 8 kHz hearing thresholds were significantly different among elderly with different age, sex, education background and the levels of glucose and cholesterin(P<0. 01). Results of accumulative logistics regression showed that except glucosein which was the only one included in regression model of lower median frequency group, all the others were included in regression model of frequency group. Being male, older age and with higher level of glucose and cholesterin in blood were risk factors causing hearing impairment. Higher education level seemed to be a preventive factor. Conclusion Hearing impairment appeared in higher prevalence among the elderly population, suggesting that proper measures should be taken. It is beneficial for abating hearing impairment to decrease the level of glucose and cholesterin in blood. |
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