中国首批8个社区美沙酮维持治疗门诊5年治疗效果分析

曹晓斌; 吴尊友; 庞琳; 柔克明; 王常合; 罗巍; 殷文渊; 米国栋; 李建华

Abstract

曹晓斌,吴尊友,庞琳,柔克明,王常合,罗巍,殷文渊,米国栋,李建华.中国首批8个社区美沙酮维持治疗门诊5年治疗效果分析[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2012,33(9):879-882

中国首批8个社区美沙酮维持治疗门诊5年治疗效果分析

Evaluation on the long-term effectiveness among the first set eight methadone maintenance treatment clinics in China

Received:May 08, 2012

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2012.09.001

KeyWord: 黄沙酮维持治疗治疗效果吸毒人员

English Key Word: Methadone maintenance treatment Treatment Dragusers

FundProject:中央补助地方公共卫生专项经费艾滋病防治项目；美国国立卫生研究院福格蒂国际中心中国艾滋病预防多学科培训项目(5U2RTW006918-09)

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Cao Xiao-Bin	National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention．Chinese Center for Discase Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Wu Zun-You	National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention．Chinese Center for Discase Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China	wuzy@263.net
Pang Lin	National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention．Chinese Center for Discase Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Rou Ke-Ming	National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention．Chinese Center for Discase Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Wang Chang-He	National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention．Chinese Center for Discase Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Luo Wei	National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention．Chinese Center for Discase Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Yin Wen-Yuan	National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention．Chinese Center for Discase Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Mi Guo-Dong	US Center for Disease Control and Preveation, Global AIDS Progam China Office
Li Jian-Hua	Yunan Institute for Drug Abuse

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Abstract:

目的分析中国酋批8个寿十区美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)门诊的长期治疗效果。方法在MMT门诊开诊(基线)及运行5年后(5年评估)两个时间点，采用一对一问卷调查的方法．比较分析研究对象的人口学特征、HIV感染危陆行为毒品滥用相关违法犯罪、家庭社会功能恢复等。结果基线与5年评估调查的研究刘象分别为252人和195人，其中66人参加了2次调查。基线与5年评估时研究对象在民族、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况居住状况等特征差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。参加MMT后，研究对象在毒品滥用(100.0% vs. 24.1%，P<0.001)、共用注射器吸毒(19.4% vs. 0.0%．P<0.001)及因毒品而与他人发生性行为(34.5% vs. 0.0%，P<0.001)等HIV感染危险行为方而有鼎著降低。在安全套使用率(10.6% vs. 25.0%，P=0.004)、有工作的比例(27.8% vs. 47.7%．P<0.001)、吸毒相关违法犯罪发生率(15.1% vs. 1.5%, P<0.001)及与吸毒人员交往比例(88.9% vs. 31.3%, P<0.001)均有明娃改善。结论 MMT在降低HIV感染危险行为、恢复社会功能、减少违法犯罪等方面具有显著作用。应通过加强培训等措施，提高工作人员能力及服务质量，尽可能减少脱失、延长治疗时间。

English Abstract:

Obiective To evainate the long-term effectiveness of the first set 8 methadone maintenance treatment(MMT)clinics in China. Methods Rcpeated cross-sectional surveys were conducted on the first month after the enrollment and 5 years later．among drug users who received MMT．using a standard questionnaire．Data on demographic characteristics．HIV-related high-risk bechaviors．criminal records associated with drug use and related family/social functions were collected and analyzed. Results There were 252 and 195 participants being interviewed at the baseline aod the 5-year surveys．respectively．Of them．66 participants were involved in both surveys. There was no significant differences on factors as ethnicity. level of education, working status，marital status and living status(P>0.05) between the baseline and the 5-year surveys. Compared with data from the baseline survey，participants'behavior on drug abuse (100.0% vs. 241%, P<0.001), needle sharing behavior(19.4% vs, 0.0%, P<0.001), and exchanging sex for drugs(34.5% vs. 0.0%, PConclusion MMT could play an active role jn reducing the HIV-related high-risk behaviors，criminal cases associated with drug abuse as well as enhancing the family and social functions of the MMT patients. Providing high quality service to the MMT clinic and trying to keep the drug users stick to the program remain difficult. It was also important to improve the training programs for staff working at the MMT clinics.

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