| 宋旭苹,丛舒,樊静,王宁,王文静,方利文.2019-2020年中国居民儿童期严重呼吸道感染暴露水平及影响因素分析[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2024,45(12):1617-1625 |
| 2019-2020年中国居民儿童期严重呼吸道感染暴露水平及影响因素分析 |
| Prevalence and influencing factors of severe respiratory infections in childhood among residents of China, 2019-2020 |
| Received:October 09, 2024 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241009-00620 |
| KeyWord: 呼吸道感染 儿童期严重呼吸道感染 横断面研究 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 监测 |
| English Key Word: Respiratory infections Severe respiratory infections in childhood Cross-sectional study Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Surveillance |
| FundProject:国家重点研发计划(2023FY100605);中央转移支付重大公共卫生项目 |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Song Xuping | National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China | | | Cong Shu | National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China | | | Fan Jing | National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China | | | Wang Ning | National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China | | | Wang Wenjing | National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China | | | Fang Liwen | National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China | fangliwen@ncncd.chinacdc.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| 目的 分析中国≥40岁居民儿童期严重呼吸道感染暴露水平及其变化情况，为慢性呼吸系统疾病的防控提供基础数据。方法 数据来源于2014-2015年和2019-2020年中国居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病监测，该监测覆盖31个省（自治区、直辖市），采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取≥40岁常住居民，以面对面询问调查的方式收集儿童期严重呼吸道感染暴露相关信息。对样本进行复杂抽样加权后，估计中国2019-2020年不同特征≥40岁居民儿童期严重呼吸道感染暴露率，并分析2014-2015年和2019-2020年≥40岁居民儿童期严重呼吸道感染暴露率变化情况。结果 2019-2020年中国≥40岁居民18岁以前的严重呼吸道感染暴露率为21.58‰（95%CI：17.57‰~25.59‰），14岁以前的严重呼吸道感染暴露率为19.40‰（95%CI：15.25‰~23.55‰），男性和女性暴露率的差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05），城镇居民的暴露率高于农村。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，西部农村、出生方式为剖宫产、存在14岁以前二手烟暴露以及具有慢性呼吸系统疾病家族史与居民儿童期严重呼吸道感染有关。与2014-2015年相比，2019-2020年中国≥40岁居民14岁以前的严重呼吸道感染暴露率略低于5年前。结论 中国≥40岁居民中，有21.58‰儿童期存在严重呼吸道感染暴露，且在不同特征居民中的暴露水平不同，其所造成的成年期慢性呼吸系统疾病负担不容忽视，应扩大计划免疫覆盖范围，重视生命早期和儿童期干预，减少儿童期严重呼吸道感染。 |
| English Abstract: |
| Objective To analyze the exposure level and changes in severe respiratory infection among Chinese residents aged ≥40 years in China and to provide essential data for preventing and controlling chronic respiratory diseases. Methods The data came from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease surveillance of Chinese residents in 2014-2015 and 2019-2020. The surveillance covers 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China. A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select permanent residents aged ≥40 years. Relevant information about exposure to severe respiratory infections during childhood was collected through investigation. Rigorous complex sampling and weighted analysis were applied to estimate the exposure rate of severe respiratory infections among children with different characteristics among residents aged ≥40 years in China from 2019 to 2020. Additionally, changes in severe respiratory infections during childhood were analyzed over 2014-2015 and 2019-2020. Results In 2019-2020, the exposure rate of severe respiratory infection before 18 for residents aged ≥40 years in China was 21.58‰ (95%CI: 17.57‰-25.59‰). The exposure rate of severe respiratory infection before the age of 14 was 19.40‰ (95%CI: 15.25‰-23.55‰), the difference in the exposure rate between men and women was not statistically significant (both P>0.05), and the exposure rate of urban residents is higher than that of rural residents. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that in western rural areas, factors including being born by cesarean section, exposure to secondhand smoke before age 14 years old, and a family history of chronic respiratory diseases were associated with severe respiratory infections in childhood. Compared with 2014-2015, the proportion of residents aged 40 and older in China hospitalized for pneumonia or bronchitis before 14 from 2019 to 2020 was slightly lower than five years prior. Conclusions Among residents in China aged ≥40 years, 21.58‰ experienced severe respiratory infection exposure during childhood, varying exposure levels across different demographic groups. The burden of chronic respiratory diseases in adulthood cannot be ignored. Efforts should be made to expand the coverage of planned immunization and to focus on early-life interventions during childhood to reduce the incidence of severe respiratory infections. |
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