| 广东省英德县卫生防疫站.麻疹活疫苗初免后不同年限的保护效果[J].中华流行病学杂志,1983,4(1):1-3 |
| 麻疹活疫苗初免后不同年限的保护效果 |
| Observations on the Protective Effects of Live Measles Vaccine in Different Number of Years after the First Immunization |
| 收稿日期: 出版日期:2021-06-09 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 1973年12月至1978年12月在英德县石灰铺公社用麻疹活疫苗初免269人之后,观察初免后不同年限的保护效果。结果在观察期内(即5年内)接种组的发病率为10.78%,对照组66.10%,差异非常显著(P<0.005).初免后≤2年保护率为95.67%,说明麻苗近期的保护效果良好。随初免后年限之增加,保护率亦下降,3~4年保护率为86.25%; 5年保护率为71.10%。但5年后保护率仍高于50%。可以认为麻苗初免的有效保护期不少于5年。如果以保护率50%作为免疫保护半衰期的临界水平,那么初免与再免的间隔年限应不少于5年。由于观察现场是麻苗初免后首次发生自然麻疹流行的自然村,观察对象的接种组和对照组,除了曾否初免麻苗这一因素外,他们原来的普遍易感性和暴露于传染源的机会均相等。因此,结果能反映初免后不同年限的保护效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| From December 1973 to December 1978, the authors observed the protective effects of live measles vaccine on 269 persons in different postvaccinial years after primary immunization in Shihuipu Commune of Yingde County in Guangdong province. The incidence of measles in immune group and that of control group were 10.78% (29/269) and 66.10% (78/118) respectively during the observation period (5 years). The difference between the two groups was very significant (P<0,005). The results revealed that the protective rate within 2 years after primary immunization was 95.67% indicating that the short-term protective effect of live measles vaccine was satisfactory. However, the protective rate dropped gradually to 86.25%, by the 3rd-4th year and in the fifth year 71.10%. The authors concluded that the effective period after primary immunization was no less than 5 years, as the protective rate at the end of the fifth year was still above 50%. Therefore, the interval between the primary and secondary immunizations could be set at 5 years, in case we should accept 50% protection of vaccine as a critical effective level of protection. |
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