| 杨功焕,郑锡文,曾光,王骊山,陈艳麟,陈爱平,黄正京,葛为民.第二阶段疾病监测点的选取及其代表性[J].中华流行病学杂志,1992,13(4):197-201 |
| 第二阶段疾病监测点的选取及其代表性 |
| Selection of DSP Points in Second Stage and Their Presentation |
| 收稿日期: 出版日期:2021-06-05 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 监测 随机抽样 |
| 英文关键词: Surveillance |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2326 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文探讨了第二阶段疾病监测点的选取原则,由于全国各地社会经济的发展水平和自然条件极不平衡,卫生事业发展水平和人群健康状况存在着明显的差异。为了保证所获得的样本能够推论全国情况,故采用了分层原则:1.保证样本中在不同卫生状况的地区的人口比例与全国类似;2.保证地理分布的均衡性,进行分层整群随机抽样。同时考虑到可行性,允许抽到的监测点,不能胜任工作者在同类地区进行调换。并对这些监测点的代表性作了验证。选用人均国民经济总产值等指标,检验证明各层样本均数与该层总体没有显著性区别,总样本均数与总体没有显著性区别。同时,1990年疾病监测点报告甲、乙类的传染病发病率虽然是全国疫情系统的2~3倍。但是疾病的构成比是类似的,月发病率趋势也是相同的。进一步佐证了样本的代表性。由此可以认为,目前的疾病监测系统基本上能够反映总体人群健康水平。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The principal of selecting DSP points is discussed. Because social and economic development is not balance, developing level of health business and health situation of population are obvious varies in different areas of China. In order to ensure that health information from surveillance population can be used to infer health situation of national population, the feature of geographic, administrative areas and various health situation in different areas are considered.The principals of selecting DSP are:1. To assure well-balance of geographic distribution of DSP. 2. To assure well-balance of distribution of DSP in different kind of areas, according to above 9 index:GNP.illiterate rate, birth rate, infant death rate, rough death rate, ratio of 0~14 years people to total people, ratio of about 65 years people to total people, ratio of labor in industry to total people, and ratio of labor in agriculture to total people. The way of select DSP is:Multistage stratified random sampling (PPS).Meanwhile in order to avoid systematic error, about 15% points which are no qualified were changed. Therefore whether data from DSP can be represented health level of population of whole nation has been tested.The conclusion is that the data from DSP can indeed do so. |
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