| 田本淳,张巍,钱玲,吕书红,程玉兰,张继彬,王作振,田向阳,熊光练,严维红,张新卫.中国四城市初中生健康行为及保护因素现况调查[J].中华流行病学杂志,2006,27(2):107-111 |
| 中国四城市初中生健康行为及保护因素现况调查 |
| Study on health related behaviors and its protective factors of junior middle school students in 4 cities of China?? |
| 收稿日期:2005-07-28 出版日期:2014-09-12 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 健康行为 保护因素 初中生 |
| 英文关键词: Healthy behaviors Protective factors Junior middle school students |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的了解中国初中生的健康行为和保护性因素现状及其变化趋势。方法采用WHO的GSHS问卷,由美国疾病预防控制中心在北京、杭州、武汉和乌鲁木齐4座城市中抽取100所中学,在9015名初中生中进行问卷调查。结果超重学生比例3.2%;在学校吃东西前从不或很少洗手的学生占25.3%;过去12个月内20.5%的学生受到过严重伤害,打过架的男生占30.4%,认真考虑过自杀的学生占17.1%。尝试吸烟率29.7%,过去30天里饮酒的学生占13.0%,14.5%的学生被给过或被销售过毒品。运动量不足的学生占78.9%,乘车通常系安全带的学生只有14.3%。男生在吸烟、饮酒、打架、喝碳酸饮料、饭前厕后不洗手等方面的不健康行为以及意外伤害发生的比例明显高于女生(P<0.01)。而女生在心理问题、体育运动不足方面的发生率明显高于男生(P<0.01)。结论目前四城市初中生中在饮食、卫生、心理、吸烟饮酒、体育运动等方面普遍存在不健康行为,学校应针对这些主要问题开展积极有效的健康教育活动,帮助青少年树立健康观念、养成健康行为,提高他们的整体健康水平。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To provide accurate data on health related behaviors and protective factors among students in middle schools in China, for developing priorities, programs and policies on health education. Methods?? We used a standar d scientific sample selection process developed by Amer ican Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) to conduct the questionnaire survey among middle schools from four cities Beijing, Hangzhou, Wuhan and Urumchi. Results Data w ere found as: 3. 2% of students are overweight; 25. 3% of students r ar ely washing hands before eating at school, 20. 5% of the students had seriously injured in the past 12 mont hs, 30. 4% of male students having had physical fighting, 17. 1% of thestudents having ser ious attempted suicide, 29. 7% o f the students ever tr ied or ex perimented cigarette smoking, 13. 0% having drunk from alcohol and 14. 5% having been offer ed or selling drugs during the past30 days, 78. 9% were in an insufficient amount of physical activity and o nly 14. 3% often used seat belt when riding in a car. Conclusions?? There were many problems on health related behaviors amo ng middle school students in these four cities, especially on hygiene, physical activities, psychological situation, smoking and drinking etc. It is absolutely necessary to develop health education for children and adolescence to promote their healthy behaviors and lifestyle. |
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