| 李源培,王海银,周艺彪,依火伍力,刘刚明,姜庆五.山区日本血吸虫中间宿主钉螺的世代交替研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2010,31(6):681-684 |
| 山区日本血吸虫中间宿主钉螺的世代交替研究 |
| Metagenesis of intermediate host to Schistosoma japonicum Oncomelania snail in mountainous areas |
| 收稿日期:2009-10-30 出版日期:2014-09-10 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2010.06.018 |
| 中文关键词: 日本血吸虫 钉螺 世代交替 山区 |
| 英文关键词: Schistosoma japonicum Oncomelania snail Metagenesis Intermediate host Mountain area |
| 基金项目:国家科技重大专项(2008ZX10004-011);国家自然科学基金(30590374);上海市重点学科建设项目(B118) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探索自然生态环境下山区钉螺的世代交替情况.方法 2008年2月至2009年7月选择四川省普格县境内的一块典型钉螺孳生地为现场,随机抽样查螺,并观察钉螺交配情况.在实验室条件下测量钉螺体型指标,经压螺鉴定死活后分框计数,随机抽样解剖钉螺确定性别构成.绘制活螺密度、钉螺体型均值、性别构成和交配对数的时间分布图,成螺和幼螺的时间分布图.结果 全年均有活螺存在,其密度呈现高和低的波动变化.三种体型均值表现出一致的时间变化趋势,呈现动态更替现象.幼螺全年存在,幼螺所占的比例从5月开始持续上升,在10月超过成螺成为优势螺.成幼螺存在循环往复的新老交替过程.钉螺各月性别构成的差异无统计学意义.每年4-6月钉螺交配对数较多,为其主要的繁衍期.结论 山区钉螺幼螺全年存在,除10月外的其他各月,成螺均为优势螺.山区钉螺存在一个循环往复的世代交替过程,该过程从5月开始,于10月完成,钉螺种群呈现动态平衡. |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To anderstand the metagenesis of Oncomelania snails in the mountainous regions so as to control the spread of snails and the epidemics of schistosomiasis.Methods Observation spot was established at a typical snail habitat close to Puge county,Sichuan province from February 2008 to July 2009.Random sampling was applied to determine the place of each frame during the observation.All the snails in each frame were collected and numbers counted in the laboratory,with the number of mating pairs in each frame also observed.Snails being collected were measured for the body indices and the dissection was carried out to identify gender composition.survival status and the number of live snails in each frame counted.Line graphs of the body indices.mating pairs in each observed months,bar graphs of the snail density,proportions of gender together with the maturity of the snails in each month were drawn.Results The number of live snail existed the whole year and its density fluctuated.All the three kinds of body indices showed the same time trend and a dynamic circulation.The young snail existed all year around and arose constantly in proportion from May,becoming the dominant snailin October to replace the adult snails.The young and adult snails also showed a dynamic alternative.The gender composition showed no significant difference during each month.The number of the mating pairs was more on April.May and June annually,when were the snail's main multiplying stage.Conclusion In mountain area.the young snails existed through all the year while adult snails appeared to be dominantin each month except for October.Oncomelania snail showed a circular process of metagenesis which started in May and finished in October.The snail population presented a dynamic equilibrium.It was concluded that ecological studies on Oncomelania snail were extremely relevant,either to optimally apply the existing control measures or to develop alternative measures for snail control,ecologically or biologically. |
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