| 李光春,李孝君,白晓蓉,刘双喜,金东晖,刘加吾,刘慧琳,徐巧华.湖南省人群死亡率与死因谱30年变化趋势分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2011,32(1):33-37 |
| 湖南省人群死亡率与死因谱30年变化趋势分析 |
| Analysis on the changing trend of mortality rate and spectrum regarding causes of death in the last recent 30 years in Hunan province |
| 收稿日期:2010-06-30 出版日期:2014-09-10 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 死亡率 死因谱 变化趋势 |
| 英文关键词: Mortality ratios Spectrum of death cause Change trend |
| 基金项目:湖南省卫生厅项目(B2007129) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解湖南省人群死亡水平、死因谱变化趋势，分析影响居民健康的主要疾病。方法 采用回顾调查方法，抽样调查湖南省2004-2005年居民死亡原因及其相关信息，与湖南省1973-1975年、1990-1992年2次死因回顾调查资料进行比较。结果 1973-1975年、1990-1992年、2004-2005年湖南省居民粗死亡率分别为901.59/10万、588.64/10万、608.27/10万；标化死亡率分别为865.14/10万、537.42/10万、413.67/10万。30年间标化死亡率下降了52.18%，农村下降幅度大于城市，女性大于男性。感染性疾病、母婴疾病及营养缺乏性疾病死亡构成比随着年代推移而显著下降(P<0.01)，慢性非传染性疾病(慢病)死亡构成比显著上升(P<0.01)，变化幅度均为农村大于城市。各年代损伤和中毒死亡构成比均以5岁组为最高，25岁组位居第二(P<0.01)。2004-2005年湖南省居民感染性疾病、母婴疾病及营养缺乏性疾病死亡构成比为8.01%，慢病为80.66%，损伤和中毒为11.33%。30年间，三大类疾病标化死亡率均明显下降，其中，下降幅度最大的是感染性疾病、母婴疾病及营养缺乏性疾病，下降幅度最小的是慢病。在慢病死亡病例中，脑血管病、恶性肿瘤、心脏病标化死亡率均呈上升趋势，死亡顺位分别提前到2004-2005年的第一位、第二位和第四位。结论 湖南省城乡居民标化死亡率均呈下降趋势。心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤已成为影响湖南省人群健康的重要疾病。损伤和中毒是湖南省儿童青少年的首位死因。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the changing trend of mortality and the spectrum regarding causes of death in the population of Hunan, and to analyze the health-related major diseases. Methods With retrospective study method, a sample survey on causes of death and the related information was carried out from 2004 to 2005 among the residents in Hunan province. Results were compared with the data from a retrospective survey on causes of death in Hunan during 1973-1975 and 1990-1992, respectively. Results The crude mortality rates and the standardized mortality ratios (SMR) of the reisidents in Hunan were 901.59/100000 and 865.14/100000 during the period of 1973-1975 while 588.64/100000 and 537.42/100000 druing the period of 1990-1992, and 608.27/100000 and 413.67/100000 during the period of 2004-2005, respectively. During the past 30 years, the SMR of the residents in Hunan decreased by 52.18% and the descending range from the rural areas was more than that of the urban areas, and higher in females than in males. The death proportion of infectious diseases, maternal and perinatal diseases, nutritional deficiencies decreased significantly (P<0.01), but the death proportion of chronic non-communicable diseases increased significantly (P<0.01). The changing ranges of the former two proportions were both larger in the rural areas than those in the urban areas. The highest proportions of deaths due to injury and poisoning during the past 30 years were both seen in the 5 year olds, followed by the age groups of 25 year olds (P<0.01). During the period of 2004-2005, the death proportion of all the infectious diseases, maternal/perinatal diseases and nutritional deficiencies was 8.01% altogether, and those of chronic non-communicable diseases, injury and poisoning were 80.66% and 11.33%, respectively. During the past 30 years, the SMR of the three kinds of diseases all significantly decreased, more significantly seen in infectious diseases, maternal and perinatal diseases, and nutritional deficiencies but less in chronic non-communicable diseases. Among the death cases of chronic non-communicable diseases, the SMR of cerebrovascular disease, malignant tumor, and heart disease showed an increasing tendency and the sequences of them had been advanced to the first, the second, and the fourth in the death ranking during the period of 2004-2005, respectively. Conclusion The SMRs of the residents in the urban and rural areas from Hunan province showed a declining tendency. Cardiovascular, cerebrovascular diseases and malignant tumors had become the important diseases affecting the health of the people, while injury and poisoning had otherwise topped the causes of death among children and adolescents in Hunan province. |
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