| 焦永卓,牟李红,王应雄,晏维,钟朝晖,李立.环境化学元素与燃煤型氟中毒的相关性研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2012,33(12):1243-1247 |
| 环境化学元素与燃煤型氟中毒的相关性研究 |
| Study on the association between environmental chemical elements and fluorosis caused by coal-fire pollution |
| 收稿日期:2012-06-05 出版日期:2014-09-18 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2012.12.010 |
| 中文关键词: 氟中毒 地方性 燃煤污染型 氟斑牙 氟骨症 |
| 英文关键词: Endemic fluorosis Coal.fired pollution DentaI fluorosis Skeletal fluorosis |
| 基金项目:重庆市地质矿产勘探开发局项目[渝地矿(2010)科函02号] |
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| 目的 了解流动育龄妇女人工流产现状及危险因素,为有针对性的改善流动育龄妇女人工流产服务及利用提供借鉴.方法 利用2005年中国5城市流动人口生殖健康调查数据,对4687例流动育龄妇女的人口学特征、外出工作生活特征和避孕情况进行描述分析,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析人口学特征、外出工作生活特征和避孕情况与流动育龄妇女人工流产风险暴露的关联.结果 ＜30岁和30～ 39岁年龄组人工流产发生风险分别是40 ～ 49岁组的2.21倍(95%CI:1.47-334)和2.38倍(95%CI:1.53～3.70);受教育程度越高,其发生人工流产的风险越高,小学、初中、高中/中专及以上的流动育龄妇女发生人工流产的风险分别是未上学者的2.15倍(95%CI:1.15～4.03)、2.47倍(95%CI:1.33～4.57)、2.61倍(95%CI:1.34 ～ 5.11).流入地打工年数在2～4年及≥5年组人工流产发生风险分别是＜2年组的2.62倍(95%CI:1.83～3.76)和7.78倍(95%CI:5.63～10.75);流动育龄妇女与配偶共同居住的人工流产风险是不与配偶共同居住者的1.49倍(95%CI:1.05～2.11)；从事家政保洁业、餐饮娱乐业和批发零售业者人工流产风险分别是从事办公室文员的5.82倍(95%CI:1.73～19.59)、5.07倍(95%CI:1.59～ 16.18)和4.37倍(95%CI:1.37 ～ 13.92).结论 流动育龄妇女的人口学特征、外出工作生活特征等均可增加人工流产风险,应有针对性开展对流动育龄妇女健康教育. |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the distribution of chemical elements in soil.To investigate the differences between patients under different state of fluorosis and normal population after preventive measurement was implemented to get rid of some chemical elements and to lower the urine fluoride levels so as to illustrate the pathogenesis of the disease.Methods Both ecological and comparative studies had been used to analyze the rates and levels of chemical elements.Teeth and skeletal from the patients with fluorosis and controls were taken and florin ion-selective-electrode method was used to determine urine the content of fluorine.Atomic Absorption Spectrometry was used to determine the copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium and iron contents in the whole blood.Differences of contents were analyzed.Results In Wushan county,the soil contents of nickel (r＝0.553,P＝0.050),iodine (r＝0.571,P＝0.041),fluorine (r＝0.303,P＝0.005),pH value (r＝0.304,P＝0.005) and the rates of fluorosis showed weaker positive relationship.In Fengjie county,the soil contents of mercury (r＝0.285,P＝0.001),nickel (r＝0.212,P＝0.00) and the rates of fluorosis also showed weaker positive relationship.In Wushan county,the urine fluoride level in the patients group [(0.64 ± 0.34) mg/L] was higher than that in the control group [(0.44 ± 0.59) mg/L],(P ＜ 0.05).In Fengjie county,copper [(29.63 ± 3.32)μmol/L] and urine fluoride [(0.83 ±0.37)mg/L] levels in the patients group showed higher than that in the control group [(26.76 ± 3.63) μmol/L,(0.53±0.23)mg/L],(P＜0.05).zinc (Zn) [(76.13 ± 11.24)μmol/L],calcium (Ca) [(1.87± 0.25)mmol/L],magnesium (Mg)[(1.41 ±0.18)mmol/L] and fluoride [(0.83 ±0.37)mg/L] levels in urine of the patients in children were higher in Fengjie than that in Wushan [(71.95 ± 7.53) μmol/L,(1.43 ±1.34) mmol/L,(1.34±0.15) mmol/L,(0.64 ±0.34)mg/L],(P＜0.05).Mg [(1.56± 1.96)mmol/L],ferrum [(8.15 ± 1.00)mmol/L] and fluoride [(2.17 ± 0.99)mg/L] levels among adult patients were significantly higher than in the control group [(1.46±0.16) mmol/L,(7.64± 1.00)mmol/L,(1.44±1.22)mg/L] (P＜0.05).Conclusion Soil,rich in alkaline and fluorosis could increase the intake of fluorine while nickel,cadmium,iodine content in soil might relate to the occurrence of fluorosis.Residents living in endemic areas where anti-fluorine elements as Zn,Ca and Mg were in shortage,might be affected by these chemical elements that related with fluorosis. |
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