| 沈丽琴,张娜,韩海军,袁国婷,陈希宁,王鑫.成都市2010年国民体质状况与全国水平的比较分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2013,34(6):573-577 |
| 成都市2010年国民体质状况与全国水平的比较分析 |
| A comparitive study on the status of physique in populations in Chengdu and the whole nation in 2010 |
| 收稿日期:2012-12-06 出版日期:2014-09-18 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 体质 形态 机能 素质 |
| 英文关键词: Physical development Body shape Physiological function Physical quality |
| 基金项目:联合 国妇女发展基 金(UNIFEM)中 国社会性别研究 与倡导项目（00040647,2-17） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的了解成都市民体质现状,分析其在全国国民体质水平中所处的位置,为健身计划的实施提供科学依据.方法按照《2010年国民体质监测工作手册》的要求和测试方法,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取目标人群共5603人,测量身体形态、机能和素质指标,并与2010年全国国民体质公报中的数据比较.结果成都男性市民身高、体重、胸围、腰围、臀围和皮褶厚度(肩胛皮褶厚度除外)均低于全国水平,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).与全国数据比较显示,身高相差较大,其中45～64岁组均低4.0 cm以上；体重差值为3.5 ～ 6.4 kg,其中男性50 ～ 59岁组低6 kg以上；胸围差值为2.4～3.9 cm;腰围差值为2.5 ～ 10.4 cm,其中30 ～ 59岁组低于7.6 cm以上；臀围差值为0.1 ～ 3.2 cm；上臂和腹部皮褶厚度的差值分别为0.1 ～2.1 mm和0.2 ～ 3.9 mm,肩胛皮褶厚度差值为1.3 ～ 8.8 mm(均大于全国水平,其中30 ～59岁组大于7.1mm以上).成都女性市民各年龄组身高、体重均低于全国水平.与全国数据比较显示,身高差值为1.6 ～ 3.4 cm,体重差值为1.7 ～ 3.2 kg,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)；胸围、腰围、臀围与全国水平相差不大；上臂、肩胛、腹部皮褶厚度均高于全国水平(P<0.01),其中老年组上臂、肩胛和腹部皮褶厚度均大于全国水平5.0 mm以上.成都市民生理机能测试,各年龄组安静脉搏、血压、肺活量与全国水平的差异无统计学意义.素质测试指标中,除老年人外成年人握力、坐位体前屈、闭眼单脚站立和选择反应时等弱于全国水平；各年龄段人群的体质综合评价合格率较高(约90%).结论成都市民形态、成年人运动素质低于全国水平,而机能素质与全国水平相当.在健身计划的实施中,应注重成年人体质水平提高. |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the status of physique and variational tendency of population in Chengdu,and comparing to the national level,for the purpose of providing evidence in improving the body mass among citizens in Chengdu.Methods Different groups were selected by cluster random sampling method,with a total of 5603 samples selected.Body shape,physiological and physical skills were measured according to the 2010 Workbook of Public Physique Monitoring Program and compared to the results from 2010.T test was used.Results For body shape,height and weight of the people in Chengdu were lower than the national average levels.Among them,males aged from 45 to 64 years old were 4.0 cm lower,females above 40 years old were 2.0 cm lower in height,when comparing to the national average levels with differences on weight as 3.5-6.4 kg for men and 1.7-3.2 kg for women.The chest,waist and hip circumferences of males were less than the national average levels,but showing at matching levels in women.Upper arm and abdominal skinfold in men were less than the national average,but the scapular skinfold was larger.Scapular skinfold was larger than the national levels,more than 7.1 mm in the 30 to 59 year-olds.Skin folds of the upperarm,shoulder and scapular in females were larger than the national levels.Citizens in Chengdu and the nation showed matching physiological levels.Physical skill of the adults was weaker than the national average level but the quality regarding power of gripping and time of reaction were superior in the elderly.Conclusion Levels of physique mass in Chengdu citizens were,in general,lower than the national average level.Elderly appeared having better physical quality,but not in the mid-aged adults.Our data suggested that a great effort should be made to improve the health of the mid-aged adults. |
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