| 杜文雯,苏畅,王惠君,王志宏,张继国,张饭,姜红如,张耀光,张兵.辽宁、河南和湖南省1013名成年居民在外就餐状况及影响因素分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2013,34(12):1159-1163 |
| 辽宁、河南和湖南省1013名成年居民在外就餐状况及影响因素分析 |
| Situation on‘eating out’and its related risk factors among 1013 Chinese adults in 3 provinces |
| 收稿日期:2013-08-19 出版日期:2014-09-18 |
| DOI：10.3760/cmaj.issn.0254-6450.2013.012.001 |
| 中文关键词: 营养素 影响因素 在外就餐 成年居民 |
| 英文关键词: Nutrient Influential factors Eating out Adults |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金 (81172666);中国疾病预防控制中心和美国北卡罗莱纳大学人口中心合作项目“中国居民健康与营养调查”(R0t-HD30880,DK056350,ROI-HD38700);中国疾病预防控制中心青年科研基金 (20138103) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解成年居民在外就餐状况及影响因素。方法 资料来源于2011年“中国健康与营养调查(cHNs)”,2012年在其中3个项目省(辽宁、河南和湖南)各抽取2个市和2个县,在每个市调查点抽取2个城市居委会和2个郊区村,每个县调查点抽取1个县政府所在地居委会和3个村。将参加过2011年CHNS调查并有完整个人信息,且在本次调查时间内可随访问到的1013名18-59岁成年居民作为调查对象,调查中补充收集过去一周内在中/西式快餐店、中餐馆、流动食品摊、面包店/咖啡厅、食堂及其他餐馆就餐频率、费用、交通方式及其时间等信息,结合连续3天24小时膳食调查,分析不同地点在外就餐状况、能量和营养素摄入水平,探讨影响不同地点在外就餐的因素。结果城乡居民总体一周在外就餐率分别为51.72%和39.14%；在西式快餐店、中餐馆、中式快餐店、流动食品摊、面包店/咖啡厅、食堂和其他餐馆每周就餐≥1次的人群比例分别为1.68%、23.49%、12.93%、10.37%、1.09%、10.07%和4.34%。每周在中餐馆就餐≥1次的居民与没有在中餐馆就餐者相比,能量、钙、铁、锌的摄入量较高；每周在食堂就餐≥1次的居民与没有在食堂就餐者相比,能量、蛋白质、膳食纤维、钙、锌的摄人量高。年龄、性别、教育程度、经济收入、城乡地区与成年居民在外就餐有关。结论调查地区成年居民在外就餐较为普遍,应开展在外就餐的营养宣传教育,引导居民在外就餐时对健康食物的选择。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To examine the characteristics of‘eating out’behavior amongChinese adults and to explore it related risk factors.Methods Data in the present study was from theChina Health and Nutrition Study(CHNS)，including those from Liaoning.Henan and Hunan assample provinces.2 cities and 2 counties from each province and 2 urban communities and 2 suburbancommunities from each city plus communities from 1 township and 3 villages from each county werechosen.A final 1013 Chinese adults aged 18 to 59 years old who participated in the 201 1 CHNS witcomplete individual information and were available in the present study period were involved in thestudy.‘Eating out behavior’was estimated through face-to-face interview on the items as：frequency.cost，ways of transportation and distance between restaurants。eating at fast food restaurants/Chinesem11 service restaurants/Chinese fast food restaurants/mobile food carts/cafes/canteens or otherrestaurants during the last week.Information on the amount of food intake was collected through three‘24 h recalls’.We described the eating out behaviors by types of restaurants they had gone to andcompng eating out eaters and non.eating outeaters for a set of nutritional indicators ifl order toexplore the risk factors related to‘eating out’behaviors.Results ‘Eating out’was defined asindividuals who consumed at least once in restaurants per week.In all the 1 O l 3 adults.5 1.72%fromurban and 39.14%from rural were defined as having‘eating out’experiences.Proportions of eatingout in western fast food restaurants.Chinese full service restaurants，Chinese fast food restaurants，mobile food carts，cafes，canteens and other restaurants were 1.68%，23.49%，12.93%，10.37%，1.09%，1 0.07%and 4.34%.respectively.Energy.Ca.Fe and Zn intake were substantially higher among eaterseating at Chinese full service restaurants than those who had not.Energy，protein，fibers，Ca and Znintake were higher among canteens eaters than those who did not.Age，gender.education。income andresidential areas were associated with eating out behaviors.Conelusion Eating out iS a significantnutritionalissue among Chinese adults.Education related to nutrition should be taken into account toguide healthy food choices for adults who eat out. |
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