| 张宁静,张晓曙,付鸿,安靖,陈瑛,金娜,张秉玲,李慧.甘肃省<8月龄及≥15岁人群麻疹发病危险因素分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(10):1095-1098 |
| 甘肃省<8月龄及≥15岁人群麻疹发病危险因素分析 |
| Study on the risk factors of measles among the 8-month-olds and children ≥15 years of age in Gansu province |
| 收稿日期:2014-06-04 出版日期:2014-09-15 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2014.10.004 |
| 中文关键词: 麻疹 危险因素 病例对照研究 |
| 英文关键词: Measles Risk factors Case-control study |
| 基金项目:甘肃省卫生行业科研计划管理项目（GWGL2011-31） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解甘肃省<8 月龄及≥15 岁人群麻疹发病危险因素，为制定针对性控制措施提供依据。方法 选择<8 月龄及≥15 岁实验室确诊麻疹病例，采用1：3 病例对照研究方法，分别研究病例组和对照组在医院暴露史、与发热出疹病例接触史、患病史、疫苗接种史、人口流动情况等因素的差异，从而分析患病的危险因素和提出控制措施。结果 对42 例<8 月龄病例和126 例对照、74 例≥15 岁病例和222 例对照进行分析，“医院暴露史”、“与发热出疹病例接触史”、“发病前去过其他城市”是<8 月龄及≥15 岁人群麻疹发病的危险因素，“疫苗接种史”是≥15 岁人群的保护因素。多因素分析显示，“医院暴露史”是<8 月龄儿童发生麻疹的唯一危险因素（OR=29.23，95%CI：2.82～302.89）；“医院暴露史”及“发病前7～21 d 去过其他城市”是≥15 岁人群发生麻疹的危险因素（OR=5.15，95%CI：2.28～11.63；OR=5.48，95%CI：1.38～21.69）。结论 降低<8 月龄及≥15 岁人群麻疹发病，除提高免疫接种年龄范围内儿童麻疹类疫苗接种率和减少传染源外，必须加强医院内感染控制。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the risk factors of measles among babies under 8-months-old and people ≥15 years old,in Gansu province. Methods Laboratory-confirmed measles cases were divided into two groups among children below 8-months-old and those ≥15 year olds. Descriptive epidemiology and 1:3 case control study were conducted to find out those related risk factors as：hospital exposure,contact with measles cases,vaccination,history of measles etc. so as to determine the risk factors and appropriate control measures. Results Histories of hospital exposure,contact with measles cases and travelling to other cities were risk factors for measles among babies younger than 8-months and people ≥15 year olds. Vaccination appeared a protective factor for people ≥15 years of age. From 42 cases and 126 controls,through multivariate analysis,results showed that hospital exposure was the only significant factor（OR=29.23,95%CI：2.82-302.89）for those babies younger than 8-months. Factors as hospital exposure and travelling among cities for 7-21 days before being infected,were with significant importance（OR=5.15,95% CI：2.28-11.63；OR=5.48,95%CI：1.38-21.69）for people ≥15 years of age,according to the observation from 74 cases and 222 controls. Conclusion In order to reduce the incidence of measles among babies under 8-month-old and people ≥15 years old,efforts on control of nosocomial infection should be strengthened,while the routine immunization coverage need to be increased for the children at higher risks,to reduce the source of infection. |
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