| 贺琴,陈叶纪,戴丹,徐伟,邢秀雅,刘志荣.安徽省2013年居民死因分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2015,36(9):976-982 |
| 安徽省2013年居民死因分析 |
| Analysis on death causes of residents in Anhui province,2013 |
| 收稿日期:2015-01-22 出版日期:2015-09-10 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2015.09.015 |
| 中文关键词: 死因 监测 |
| 英文关键词: Causes of death Surveillance |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析安徽省居民死因,为制定疾病防控策略提供依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法,按安徽省地理特征分片区对2013年安徽省国家疾病监测点(DSPs)常住人口多死因监测资料进行分析。结果 2013年安徽省及各片区人口均呈老年型,老龄化程度为江淮 >皖南 >淮北。居民死亡率为627.10/10万。疾病死亡率存在片区、性别、年龄差异。总死亡率及慢性病、伤害死亡率均为淮北 >江淮 >皖南;感染类疾病死亡率在不同片区间差异较小。无论片区和病种,男性死亡率普遍高于女性。从年龄看,慢性病死亡率在 >45岁人群较高,尤其65～84岁人群;伤害死亡率在15～岁和45～岁组人群中较高;感染类疾病呈现“两头高,中间低”的特点;不明原因疾病死亡多见于 >65岁人群。居民前5位死因依次为脑血管病、恶性肿瘤、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病和伤害。无论性别或片区,主要死因均相近,仅顺位略有不同。不同年龄组人群主要死因不同,在不同片区相同年龄组人群主要死因大致相同,0～岁组主要死因为围生期疾病和先天异常;1～14岁者主要死因为伤害、围生期疾病和先天异常;15～44岁人群主要死因均为伤害和恶性肿瘤;45～64岁人群主要死因为恶性肿瘤、伤害、脑血管病和心脏病;65～岁者主要死因为脑血管病、恶性肿瘤、心脏病和呼吸系统疾病;≥85岁者主要死因为心脏病、脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病和恶性肿瘤。结论 脑血管病、恶性肿瘤和伤害是安徽省居民的主要死因。慢病防控工作应重点关注≥45岁人群脑血管病、恶性肿瘤和心脏病等疾病防控;15～44岁人群是伤害防控重点人群;淮北片区是安徽省疾病预防和控制工作关注的重点地区,尤其慢性病及伤害防控。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the demographic characteristics and the death causes of the residents in Anhui province,and provide evidence for the disease prevention and control. Methods Using descriptive epidemiological analysis,the demographic characteristics and death data of the national disease surveillance points(DSPs) in Anhui province in 2013 were analyed by areas. Results The aging of the population was observed in all the areas in Anhui,which was most obvious in Jianghuai,followed by Wannan and Huaibei. The overall mortality was 627.10/100 000. The mortalities of diseases varied with sex,area and age. Among the 3 areas,the overall mortality,chronic disease mortality and injury mortality were highest in Huaibei and lowest in Wannan. The area specific difference in mortality of infectious diseases was small. Regardless of areas or the types of diseases,the mortality was higher in males than in females. Deaths caused by diseases with unknown origins were common in residents aged >65 years. The mortality of chronic diseases was higher in residents aged >45 years,especially in those aged 65-84 years. The mortality of injuries was higher in age groups >15 years and >45 years. The mortality of infectious diseases peaked at both young age group and old age group. The top five death causes were cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumors,heart diseases,respiratory diseases and injuries. Regardless of sex or area,the major death causes were similar,but the ranks were slightly different. The major death causes varied in different age groups,but they were similar in same age group in different areas. The major death causes were diseases originated in perinatal period,and congenital malformations,deformations and chromosomal abnormalities in children aged < 1 year. The major death causes in children aged 1-14 years were injuries,diseases originated in perinatal period,congenital malformations,deformations and chromosomal abnormalities. Injuries and malignant tumors were the first and second death causes in residents aged 15-44 years. Malignant tumors,injuries,cerebrovascular diseases and heart diseases were the major death causes in residents aged 45-64 years. The major death causes were cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumors,heart diseases and respiratory diseases in residents aged 65-84 years and heart diseases,cerebrovascular diseases,respiratory diseases and malign tumors in residents aged ≥85 years. Conclusion The major death causes in residents in Anhui province were cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumors and injuries. Close attention should be paid to the prevention and control of cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumors and heart diseases in age group ≥45 years. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of injuries in age group 15-44 years. Huaibei is a key area of disease prevention and control in Anhui,especially chronic disease and injury preventions. |
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