| 谢朝军,苏文哲,李魁彪,陈建东,刘建平,冯晶,刘艳慧,马晓薇,刘于飞,袁俊,王鸣.禽类生鲜上市减少市场环境禽流感病毒污染的研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(3):353-357 |
| 禽类生鲜上市减少市场环境禽流感病毒污染的研究 |
| Effect of supply of fresh poultry products on reducing environment contamination of avian influenza virus in markets |
| 收稿日期:2015-08-14 出版日期:2016-03-15 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.03.012 |
| 中文关键词: 禽流感 禽类生鲜销售 评估 |
| 英文关键词: Avian influenza virus Supply of fresh poultry product Evaluation |
| 基金项目:国家科技重大专项(2012ZX10004213005);国家自然科学基金(81473034);广东省科技计划(2013B021800029);广州市科技计划(1563000505);广州市医药卫生科技一般引导项目(20141A010054) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 通过活禽经营区和生鲜试点区市场环境禽流感病毒(AIV)检测,评估禽类生鲜上市是否减少市场环境AIV污染水平。方法 选择广州市活禽经营区和生鲜经营区各20个市场40个档口,每季度开展一次共4轮市场环境监测。棉拭子涂抹采集每个档口4份不同部位环境标本,RT-PCR检测环境标本中AIV核酸,进一步检测H5、H7、H9亚型AIV核酸。结果 活禽经营区的活禽市场中,所有档口均在售卖点宰杀活禽,95.0%(38/40)档口每日活禽存栏过夜,25.0%(10/40)档口每日消毒;95.0%(38/40)档口每周大扫除;95.0%(38/40)档口每月一日休市。而生鲜试点区的生鲜市场档口未发现销售和宰杀活禽,20.0%(8/40)档口每日消毒,90.0%(36/40)档口每周大扫除,96.0%(38/40)的档口曾售卖光禽(活禽屠宰脱毛加工)。活禽经营区市场环境标本AIV核酸阳性率为40.4%(252/623),高于生鲜试点区(32.3%,197/610),差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.85,P=0.003);H9亚型阳性率为28.6%(178/623),高于生鲜试点区(16.2%,99/610),差异有统计学意义(χ2=26.95,P<0.001)。生鲜试点区同时销售光禽的市场AIV核酸阳性率为37.3%(180/482),高于纯生鲜禽市场(13.3%,17/128),差异有统计学意义(χ2=26.78,P<0.001);H9亚型阳性率为19.1%(92/482),高于纯生鲜禽市场(5.5%,7/128),差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.80,P<0.001)。市场AIV及其H9亚型核酸阳性率在第二轮监测(2014年10月)为最高。不同采样部位,环境标本AIV及其H5、H7、H9亚型核酸阳性率差异无统计学意义;同一采样部位,环境标本H9亚型病毒核酸阳性率活禽经营区高于生鲜试点区(P<0.05)。结论 禽类生鲜上市能有效降低市场环境AIV的污染水平,生鲜试点区同时销售光禽的市场存在引入AIV的风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To evaluate the effect of supply of fresh poultry products on reducing environment contamination of avian influenza virus (AIV) in markets in Guangzhou. Methods A total of 40 markets, including 20 selling alive poultry and 20 selling fresh poultry products, were selected randomly in Guangzhou to conduct environment surveillance in 80 poultry stalls every 4 months from July 2014 to April 2015. Four smear samples were collected from different sites of each poultry stall to detect nucleic acid of AIV. The positive samples were further detected for AIV subtype H5, H7 and H9 nucleic acids. Results Among 40 alive poultry stalls, 95.0% (38/40) kept alive poultry overnight, 25.0% (10/40) were disinfected daily, 95.0% (38/40) were cleaned up weekly, 95.0% (38/40) were closed for one day every month. Among 40 fresh poultry product stalls, 20.0% (8/40) were disinfected daily, 90.0% (36/40) were cleaned up weekly, and 96.0% (38/40) ever sold dressed poultry from alive poultry markets. The positive rate of AIV in alive poultry markets was 40.4% (252/623), higher than that in fresh poultry product markets (32.3%, 197/610), the difference was significant (χ2=8.85, P=0.003), and the positive rate of subtype H9 virus in alive poultry markets was 28.6% (178/623), higher than that in fresh poultry product markets (16.2%, 99/610), the difference was significant (χ2=26.95, P<0.001). In fresh poultry product markets, the positive rate of AIV in stalls selling dressed poultry was 37.3% (180/482), higher than that in stalls selling no dressed poultry (13.3%, 17/128), the difference was significant (χ2=26.78, P<0.001), and the positive rate of subtype H9 virus in stalls selling dressed poultry was 19.1% (92/482), higher than that in stalls selling no dressed poultry (5.5%, 7/128), the difference was significant (χ2=13.80, P<0.001). Both the positive rate of AIV and the positive rate of subtype H9 virus were highest in the second round surveillance (October 2014). The differences in AIV and its subtype H5, H7 and H9 virus positive rates of environmental samples from four different sites were not significant, respectively. In the same sample site, the positive rate of subtype H9 virus in alive poultry markets was higher than that in fresh poultry product markets the difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The supply of fresh poultry products could effectively reduce the level of environment contamination of AIV in markets. Dressed poultry supplement caused the risk of AIV spread in fresh poultry product markets. |
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