| 黄海涛,高志刚,刘勇,孙静,刘鹏,王丽娟,李一,张吉,张颖.天津市2005-2014年成年人百日咳流行特征及相关因素分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(5):678-681 |
| 天津市2005-2014年成年人百日咳流行特征及相关因素分析 |
| Epidemiology of pertussis in adults and related factors in Tianjin, 2005-2014 |
| 收稿日期:2015-12-16 出版日期:2016-05-13 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.05.018 |
| 中文关键词: 百日咳 成年人 流行特征 相关因素 |
| 英文关键词: Pertussis Adults Epidemiological characteristic Related Factor |
| 基金项目:天津市卫生和计划生育委员会科技基金(2015KY18) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析天津市成年人百日咳流行特征及相关因素。方法 采用描述流行病学方法分析2005-2014年天津市成年人百日咳流行特征及其家庭聚集性发病的传播特征,应用ELISA对18~83岁人群百日咳IgG综合抗体的免疫水平进行检测。结果 2005-2014年天津市共诊断882例百日咳病例,其中成年人252例(28.57%),年均发病率为0.16/10万,2013年发病率最高(0.46/10万)。21~30岁年龄组病例占36.12%(91/252),女性病例多于男性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=41.14,P<0.001)。涉及到成年人百日咳聚集性发病共126起,有3种传播模式,其中成年人→婴幼儿传播模式98起(77.78%),是百日咳家庭聚集性发病的主要传播模式。在成年人→婴幼儿传播模式中,首发病例为患儿父母亲的为80起(81.64%),是婴幼儿百日咳发病的最主要传染模式。百日咳IgG综合抗体平均阳性率为55.20%(95%CI:51.96%~58.44%),随着年龄增长呈线性相关(Pearson相关系数r=0.98,P=0.003)和上升趋势(χ2=11.79,P=0.001)。结论 成年人已经成为天津市百日咳新的高发人群且是婴幼儿病例的主要传染源,其百日咳IgG综合抗体水平较低,建议探讨成年人百日咳疫苗的预防接种。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in adults and related factors in Tianjin. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted by using the epidemiological data of pertussis in adults in Tianjin during 2005-2014. The transmission routes of family cluster cases were analyzed. ELISA was conducted to detect pertussis immunity levels in adults aged 18-83 years. Results The pertussis cases in adults accounted for 28.57% (252/882) of the total cases in Tianjin, the annual incidence of pertussis in adults was 0.16/100 000. The highest incidence was 0.46/100 000 in 2013. The age specific proportion of the cases was highest in age group 21-30 years (36.12%, 91/252). Three household transmission routes of pertussis were identified, the major one was adult-to-infant (77.78%,98/126). The parents were the infection sources of 81.64% of infant cases (80/98). Of the 904 study subjects, the average positive rate of antibody against pertussis was 55.20% (95%CI:51.96%-58.44%). There were significant differences in antibody positive rate among different age groups (P=0.015), and which had the linear correlation with the reported annual incidence (r=0.98, P=0.003) and showed upward trend (χ2=11.79, P=0.001). Conclusion The study indicated that adults have become the population at high risk for pertussis and the major infection sources for infants in Tianjin. The positive rate of antibody against pertussis was low in adults. It is suggested to conduct pertussis vaccination in adults. |
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