| 南奕,熙子,杨焱,王立立,屠梦吴,王继江,姜垣.2015中国成人烟草调查:15岁及以上成年人群二手烟暴露及其对公共场所禁烟政策支持现状[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(6):810-815 |
| 2015中国成人烟草调查:15岁及以上成年人群二手烟暴露及其对公共场所禁烟政策支持现状 |
| The 2015 China Adult Tobacco Survey:exposure to second-hand smoke among adults aged 15 and above and their support to policy on banning smoking in public places |
| 收稿日期:2016-03-03 出版日期:2016-06-14 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.06.014 |
| 中文关键词: 烟草控制 二手烟 公共场所禁烟 |
| 英文关键词: Tobacco control Second-hand smoke Banning smoking in public places |
| 基金项目:2014中央补助地方健康素养促进项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解中国≥15岁成年人群二手烟暴露及其对公共场所禁烟政策支持情况,为公共场所禁烟提供科学证据。方法 参照全球成人烟草调查所设定的抽样原则及调查形式。使用全球烟草监测系统标准问卷,采用分层多阶段整群概率抽样法,在全国共抽取16800个家庭户;采用入户调查形式进行电子数据采集,每户家庭随机抽取一名合格的调查对象。对数据加权后,数据分析采用SAS 9.3和SUDAAN 10.0.1软件的复杂调查数据分析程序。结果 在过去30 d内调查对象在室内公共场所和工作场所看到有人吸烟的比例由高到低依次为酒吧/夜总会(93.1%,60128千人/64575千人)、餐馆(76.3%,455473千人/596782千人)、在家中(57.1%,621793千人/1089582千人)、工作场所(54.3%,218792千人/402732千人)、政府大楼(38.1%,61208千人/160574千人)、医疗机构(26.9%,119783千人/444679千人)、大学(23.8%,17598千人/73993千人)、中小学校(室内和室外;17.2%,41099千人/239022千人),以及公共交通工具(16.4%,102153千人/623015千人)。经标化,与5年前相比,在餐馆、政府大楼、医疗机构、中小学(室内和室外)、公共交通工具以及在家中的二手烟暴露情况下降幅度的差异均有统计学意义。此外,公众对室内公共场所和工作场所全面禁烟的支持度很高。尽管餐厅二手烟暴露率依然很高,但是有近70%的人支持在餐厅全面禁烟。结论 近年来我国室内公共场所、工作场所、公共交通工具及家中的二手烟暴露情况明显改善,公众支持公共场所禁烟政策。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the situation on exposure to second-hand smoke among Chinese adults aged 15 and above and their support to policy on banning smoking in public places in 2015. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted based on the protocol on Global Adult Tobacco Survey. Stratified multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select 16 800 households in China. Data were collected through household survey, using the electronic devices. One eligible respondent was selected by random sampling in each household. Standardized questionnaire was used from Global Tobacco Surveillance System. Data were weighted and analyzed by SAS 9.3 and SUDAAN 10.0.1 complex survey data analysis program. Results 93.1% (60 128×103/64 575×103), 76.3% (455 473×103/596 782×103), 57.1% (621 793×103/1 089 582×103), 54.3% (218 792×103/402 732×103), 38.1% (61 208×103/160 574×103), 26.9% (119 783×103/444 679×103), 23.8% (17 598×103/73 993×103), 17.2% (41 099×103/239 022×103) and 16.4% (102 153×103/623 015×103) of the respondents reported that smoking did exsit in the following places as:inside of bars or night clubs, in the restaurants, households homes, working places, government buildings, health care facilities, universities, primary and high schools (both indoor and outdoor areas), and on public transportation, respectively. Compared with those data in 2010, the proportions of exposure to indoor areas of restaurants, government buildings, health care facilities, primary and high schools (both indoor and outdoor areas), public transportation, and homes all significantly decreased after standardization of data. Results also showed that most respondents were supportive to the policy on banning smoking in public and working places. However, the proportions of exposure to indoor areas of restaurants were still high but almost 70% of the respondents thought smoking should not be allowed in indoor areas of restaurants. Conclusion From 2010 to 2015, proportions of exposure to indoor areas of public places, working places, public transportation and homes were obviously declining in China. The Chinese public seemed supportive to the policy on banning smoking in public places. |
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